blocks|key|1346458|text|如果你想要一种纯面向对象的语言，可以试试Smalltalk。在Smalltalk中，一切都是对象。Java并非如此，在Java中，基本类型(int、float)本身并不是对象。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1346459|如果Java不需要是一种“纯粹的”面向对象语言，那么它是一个很好的选择，因为它更加主流。|1346460|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalltalk^0|K|9|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]]]

If you want a pure OO language, try <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalltalk" rel="noreferrer">Smalltalk</a>. Everything is an object in Smalltalk. This is not the case for Java, where primitive types (int, float) aren't objects by themselves.

If it need't be a 'pure' OO language, Java is a good choice because it's more mainstream.

blocks|key|1346426|text|对于纯粹面向对象的语言，请查看Smalltalk。我现在正在读这篇文章。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1346427|希望这能有所帮助。|1346428|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.squeak.org/^0|F|9|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]]]

For a pure Object orientated language, look at <a href="http://www.squeak.org" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Smalltalk</a>. I am reading this up at the moment.

Hope this helps.

blocks|key|1346490|text|很多人都建议使用Smalltalk，所以我会有所不同，建议使用Eiffel|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1346491|这是一种很好的学习面向对象原则的语言，也有像DBC+(契约式设计)这样简洁的东西。|1346492|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiffel_(programming_language%2529).%2520;^0|V|6|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@$A|O|B|P|1|Q]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]]]

A lot of people are suggesting Smalltalk, so I'm going to be different and suggest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiffel_(programming_language)" rel="noreferrer">Eiffel</a>. ;)

A good language to learn OO principles on, also has neat stuff like DBC (Design By Contract).

blocks|key|1346573|text|问题不在于语言。无论您使用哪种语言，您仍然可以在一个类中编写所有代码，或者使用类级别的方法，最终编写结构化代码。虽然纯粹的面向对象语言会让它变得更难，但我给许多试图强行将结构化编程塞进Java和C#的学生打了分。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1346574|我的建议是看一看OO编程的一些好例子，看看OO如何使自己适合某些设计模式，这些设计模式真正展示了OO的力量，可以做与结构化编程相同的事情，但代码更少，对其他程序员来说更具可读性。|1346575|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

The problem is not the language. No matter what language you use, you could still code everything in one class, or using class level methods, and end up writing structured code. While a pure OO language will make it harder, I've graded plenty of students who try to shoehorn structured programming into Java and C#.

My suggestion would be to look through some good examples of OO programming, and to look at how OO lends itself to certain design patterns that really show off the power of OO to do the same things structured programming does but with less code that is much more readable to other programmers.

blocks|key|1346604|text|学习范例，然后选择哪种语言就不那么重要了。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1346605|Head+First+Object-Oriented+Analysis+and+Design:+A+Brain+Friendly+Guide+to+OOA&D+alt+text+http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51eQgNjOOWL._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA240_SH20_OU02_.jpg|offset|length|1346606|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.amazon.co.uk/Head-First-Object-Oriented-Analysis-Design/dp/0596008678/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1264611902&sr=1-5|1|http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51eQgNjOOWL._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA240_SH20_OU02_.jpg^0|0|0|27|0|28|3V|1|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$D|R|E|S|1|T]|$D|U|E|V|1|W]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|M]]|N|$5|I|J|K|A|$L|O]]]]

Learn the paradigm and then which language you choose matters less.

<a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Head-First-Object-Oriented-Analysis-Design/dp/0596008678/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1264611902&amp;sr=1-5" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Head First Object-Oriented Analysis and Design: A Brain Friendly Guide to OOA&amp;D</a>
<a href="http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51eQgNjOOWL._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA240_SH20_OU02_.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer">alt text http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51eQgNjOOWL._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA240_SH20_OU02_.jpg</a>

blocks|key|1346712|text|尝试使用Common+Lisp对象系统(CLOS)。它不是像Smalltalk那样的“纯”OOP，但lisp中的类型层次结构至少是完整的(这比Java可以说的更完整)，而且大多数其他语言，甚至OO语言，都没有泛型方法、多分派、方法组合，例如:before、:after和:around。运行时类对象，或重新初始化实例，所有这些都是CLOS提供的。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1346713|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Try the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS). It is not "pure" OOP like Smalltalk but the type hierarchy in lisp is at least complete (which is more than can be said for Java), and most other languages, even OO languages, don't have generic methods, multidispatch, method combinations, esp :before, :after and :around. run-time class objects, or reinitialize-instance, all of which CLOS provides.

blocks|key|1346917|text|面向对象编程与您使用的语言关系不大，而与您的编程方法有很大关系。面向对象编程依赖于您如何计划事情和如何组织代码。您可以使用Java语言，这会迫使您使用一些面向对象的特性，但如果只是坐下来将所有代码放在main()方法中，您就没有做过任何面向对象的编程。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1346918|我的建议不是学习一门不同的语言，而是研究面向对象编程本身的范例，以及使用面向对象的分析和设计来规划和实现程序的各种方式。从学习抽象、封装、继承和多态性开始。对UML有一个好的感觉。然后学习面向对象编程中使用的设计模式。|1346919|在编写代码之前，请确保您正在做所有这些事情。您可能面临的最大冲击是，在编写任何代码之前，您需要考虑多少时间。对于习惯于坐下来以面向过程的方式编码的人来说，花时间以面向对象的方式规划你的程序是非常困难的。如果你花时间提前计划你要做什么(当然不要太疯狂，因为编程是关于小迭代的)，你会发现你可以在第一时间为越来越复杂的任务创建更好的代码。|1346920|entityMap^0|2S|6|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@$9|M|A|N|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|O|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|K|$]]

Object-oriented programming has very little to do with what language you use and a lot to do with your approach to programming. Object-oriented programming depends on how you plan things and how you structure your code. You could use a language like Java, which forces you to use some object-oriented features, but if just sat down and put all your code in the <code>main()</code> method you have not done any object oriented programming.

My suggestion is not to learn a different language, but to study the paradigm of object-oriented programming itself and the various ways a program is planned and implemented using object-oriented analysis and design. Learn about abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism to start. Get a good feel for UML. Then study design patterns that are used in object-oriented programming.

Make sure you're doing all these things before you code. The biggest shock you may face is how much time you have to think before you code anything. Spending the time to plan your program in an object-oriented way is very difficult for people accustomed to just sitting down and coding in a process-oriented way. If you take the time to plan what you're going to do in advance (of course don't go too crazy since programming is about small iterations), you'll find you can create much better code the first time, for increasingly complex tasks.

blocks|key|1131486|text|我在这里看到了很多关于学习语言的建议，坦率地说，这些语言是没有市场的。作为一个年轻人，你可能并不关心和对学习有这种热情(我知道b/c我曾经去过那里)，但是到了把食物摆到桌上的时候，你会后悔浪费在这些语言上。说实话，Ada是我最喜欢的语言，我很想以此为职业编程，但她没有支付账单，所以我不得不和她断绝关系。:(|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1131487|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

I see a lot of suggestions here to learn languages that are frankly not marketable. As a young person you may not care and have this zest for learning (I know b/c I've been there), but down the road when it comes time to put food on the table you will regret screwing around with these languages. Ada is honestly my favorite language and I'd love to program in it for a career, but she don't pay the bills so I had to break it off with her. :(

I think object oriented programming is overrated, however I want to learn this paradigm. I have been trying to do this in PHP 5 and C++ with QT 4. Unfortunately, I tend to program in structured way, I do not use much of inheritance nor multiple instances. I think I have to learn a pure object oriented language that force me to use above features.

I think the best option is probably to learn Ruby. Could You confirm or name better alternative?

I work mainly on a x86-64 Linux.

Looking for a pure object oriented language

Linux

Java

我认为面向对象编程被高估了，但是我想学习这个范例。不幸的是，我倾向于以结构化的方式编程，我没有使用太多的继承或者多实例。我认为我必须学习一种纯面向对象的语言，这迫使我使用上述特性。我认为最好的选择可能是学习Ruby。你能确认或者说出更好的替代方案吗？我主要在x86-64 Linux上工作。

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