blocks|key|1575825|text|下面是perl代码。计算单词可能有些主观，但我只是说它是任何不是空格的字符串。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1575826|open(FILE,+"<file.txt")+or+die+"Could+not+open+file:+$!";

my+($lines,+$words,+$chars)+=+(0,0,0);

while+(<FILE>)+{
++++$lines%2B%2B;
++++$chars+%2B=+length($_);
++++$words+%2B=+scalar(split(/\s%2B/,+$_));
}

print("lines=$lines+words=$words+chars=$chars\n");|code-block|syntax|javascript|1575827|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Here's the perl code. Counting words can be somewhat subjective, but I just say it's any string of characters that isn't whitespace.

<pre><code>open(FILE, "&lt;file.txt") or die "Could not open file: $!";

my ($lines, $words, $chars) = (0,0,0);

while (&lt;FILE&gt;) {
 $lines++;
 $chars += length($_);
 $words += scalar(split(/\s+/, $_));
}

print("lines=$lines words=$words chars=$chars\n");
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1575902|text|bmdhacks答案的一个变体可能会产生更好的结果，那就是使用\s%2B+(甚至更好的\W%2B)作为分隔符。考虑一下字符串“the+fox+brown+fox”(如果不明显，则增加空格)。使用单个空格字符的分隔符将得到6个单词计数，而不是4个。所以，试一试：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1575903|open(FILE,+"<file.txt")+or+die+"Could+not+open+file:+$!";

my+($lines,+$words,+$chars)+=+(0,0,0);

while+(<FILE>)+{
++++$lines%2B%2B;
++++$chars+%2B=+length($_);
++++$words+%2B=+scalar(split(/\W%2B/,+$_));
}

print("lines=$lines+words=$words+chars=$chars\n");|code-block|syntax|javascript|1575904|使用\W%2B作为分隔符将阻止标点符号(以及其他内容)被算作单词。|1575905|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

A variation on bmdhacks' answer that will probably produce better results is to use \s+ (or even better \W+) as the delimiter. Consider the string "The&nbsp;&nbsp;quick&nbsp;&nbsp;brown fox" (additional spaces if it's not obvious). Using a delimiter of a single whitespace character will give a word count of six not four. So, try:

<pre><code>open(FILE, "&lt;file.txt") or die "Could not open file: $!";

my ($lines, $words, $chars) = (0,0,0);

while (&lt;FILE&gt;) {
 $lines++;
 $chars += length($_);
 $words += scalar(split(/\W+/, $_));
}

print("lines=$lines words=$words chars=$chars\n");
</code></pre>

Using \W+ as the delimiter will stop punctuation (amongst other things) from counting as words.

blocks|key|1575753|text|Word+Count+tool对文本文件中的字符、单词和行进行计数|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1575754|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://en.literateprograms.org/Word_count_(Perl)^0|0|F|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

The <a href="http://en.literateprograms.org/Word_count_(Perl)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Word Count tool</a> counts characters, words and lines in text files

blocks|key|1360820|text|有一个Perl+Power+Tools项目，它的目标是重建所有的Unix+bin实用程序，主要针对那些在没有Unix的操作系统上的应用程序。是的，他们做了wc。这个实现有点夸张，但它是POSIX+compliant。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|1360821|当您查看true的符合GNU的实现时，它会变得有点可笑。|1360822|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.metacpan.org/module/PerlPowerTools|1|https://metacpan.org/source/BDFOY/PerlPowerTools-1.002/bin/wc|2|http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/utilities/wc.html|3|https://metacpan.org/source/BDFOY/PerlPowerTools-1.002/bin/true^0|3|G|0|25|2|1|2K|F|2|0|4|4|3|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@$A|U|B|V|1|W]|$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]|$A|10|B|11|1|12]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@$A|14|B|15|1|16]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|M]]|N|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|O]]|P|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|Q]]|R|$5|I|J|K|C|$L|S]]]]

There is the <a href="http://www.metacpan.org/module/PerlPowerTools" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Perl Power Tools</a> project whose goal is to reconstruct all the Unix bin utilities, primarily for those on operating systems deprived of Unix. Yes, they did <a href="https://metacpan.org/source/BDFOY/PerlPowerTools-1.002/bin/wc" rel="nofollow noreferrer">wc</a>. The implementation is overkill, but it is <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/utilities/wc.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">POSIX compliant</a>.

It gets a little ridiculous when you look at the GNU compliant implementation of <a href="https://metacpan.org/source/BDFOY/PerlPowerTools-1.002/bin/true" rel="nofollow noreferrer">true</a>.

blocks|key|1576141|text|我在谷歌搜索字符统计解决方案时偶然发现了这一点。诚然，我对perl几乎一无所知，因此其中一些可能是错误的，但以下是我对newt的解决方案所做的调整。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1576142|首先，有一个内置的行数变量，所以我只用了它。我想这可能会更有效率一些。实际上，字符数包括换行符，这可能不是您想要的，所以我使用了$_。Perl还抱怨了split()的执行方式(隐式split，参见：Why+does+Perl+complain+"Use+of+implicit+split+to+@_+is+deprecated"?+)，所以我对此进行了调整。我的输入文件是UTF-8，所以我就这样打开了它们。这可能有助于在包含非ASCII字符的输入文件中获得正确的字符数。|offset|length|1576143|代码如下：|1576144|open(FILE,+"<:encoding(UTF-8)",+"file.txt")+or+die+"Could+not+open+file:+$!";

my+($lines,+$words,+$chars)+=+(0,0,0);
my+@wordcounter;
while+(<FILE>)+{
++++chomp($_);
++++$chars+%2B=+length($_);
++++@wordcounter+=+split(/\W%2B/,+$_);
++++$words+%2B=+@wordcounter;
}
$lines+=+$.;
close+FILE;
print+"\nlines=$lines,+words=$words,+chars=$chars\n";|code-block|syntax|javascript|1576145|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2436160/why-does-perl-complain-use-of-implicit-split-to-is-deprecated^0|0|2R|1V|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@$D|W|E|X|1|Y]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|A|$S|T]]]]

I stumbled upon this while googling for a character count solution.
Admittedly, I know next to nothing about perl so some of this may be off base, but here are my tweaks of newt's solution.

First, there is a built-in line count variable anyway, so I just used that. This is probably a bit more efficient, I guess.
As it is, the character count includes newline characters, which is probably not what you want, so I chomped $_.
Perl also complained about the way the split() is done (implicit split, see: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2436160/why-does-perl-complain-use-of-implicit-split-to-is-deprecated">Why does Perl complain &quot;Use of implicit split to @_ is deprecated&quot;?</a> ) so I tweaked that.
My input files are UTF-8 so I opened them as such. That probably helps get the correct character count in the input file contains non-ASCII characters.

Here's the code:

<pre><code>open(FILE, "&lt;:encoding(UTF-8)", "file.txt") or die "Could not open file: $!";

my ($lines, $words, $chars) = (0,0,0);
my @wordcounter;
while (&lt;FILE&gt;) {
 chomp($_);
 $chars += length($_);
 @wordcounter = split(/\W+/, $_);
 $words += @wordcounter;
}
$lines = $.;
close FILE;
print "\nlines=$lines, words=$words, chars=$chars\n";
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1575696|text|不严肃的回答：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1575697|system("wc+foo");|code-block|syntax|javascript|1575698|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Non-serious answer:

<pre><code>system("wc foo");
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1575981|text|以固定大小的块读取文件可能比逐行读取效率更高。wc二进制文件可以做到这一点。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|1575982|#!/usr/bin/env+perl

use+constant+BLOCK_SIZE+=>+16384;

for+my+$file+(@ARGV)+{
++++open+my+$fh,+'<',+$file+or+do+{
++++++++warn+"couldn't+open+$file:+$!\n";
++++++++continue;
++++};

++++my+($chars,+$words,+$lines)+=+(0,+0,+0);

++++my+($new_word,+$new_line);
++++while+((my+$size+=+sysread+$fh,+local+$_,+BLOCK_SIZE)+>+0)+{
++++++++$chars+%2B=+$size;
++++++++$words+%2B=+/\s%2B/g;
++++++++$words--+if+$new_word+&&+/\A\s/;
++++++++$lines+%2B=+()+=+/\n/g;

++++++++$new_word+=+/\s\Z/;
++++++++$new_line+=+/\n\Z/;
++++}
++++$lines--+if+$new_line;

++++print+"\t$lines\t$words\t$chars\t$file\n";
}|code-block|syntax|javascript|1575983|entityMap^0|N|2|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|M|8|@$9|N|A|O|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|P|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|L|$]]

Reading the file in fixed-size chunks may be more efficient than reading line-by-line. The <code>wc</code> binary does this.

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env perl

use constant BLOCK_SIZE =&gt; 16384;

for my $file (@ARGV) {
 open my $fh, '&lt;', $file or do {
 warn "couldn't open $file: $!\n";
 continue;
 };

 my ($chars, $words, $lines) = (0, 0, 0);

 my ($new_word, $new_line);
 while ((my $size = sysread $fh, local $_, BLOCK_SIZE) &gt; 0) {
 $chars += $size;
 $words += /\s+/g;
 $words-- if $new_word &amp;&amp; /\A\s/;
 $lines += () = /\n/g;

 $new_word = /\s\Z/;
 $new_line = /\n\Z/;
 }
 $lines-- if $new_line;

 print "\t$lines\t$words\t$chars\t$file\n";
}
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1576011|text|为了能够计算字符而不是字节，请考虑以下内容：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1576012|(用中文或西里尔字母和保存在utf8中的文件试用)|1576013|use+utf8;

my+$file='file.txt';
my+$LAYER+=+':encoding(UTF-8)';
open(+my+$fh,+'<',+$file+)
++%7C%7C+die(+"$file+couldn't+be+opened:+$!"+);
binmode(+$fh,+$LAYER+);
read+$fh,+my+$txt,+-s+$file;
close+$fh;

print+length+$txt,$/;
use+bytes;
print+length+$txt,$/;|code-block|syntax|javascript|1576014|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

To be able to count CHARS and not bytes, consider this: 
(Try it with Chinese or Cyrillic letters and file saved in utf8)

<pre><code>use utf8;

my $file='file.txt';
my $LAYER = ':encoding(UTF-8)';
open( my $fh, '&lt;', $file )
 || die( "$file couldn't be opened: $!" );
binmode( $fh, $LAYER );
read $fh, my $txt, -s $file;
close $fh;

print length $txt,$/;
use bytes;
print length $txt,$/;
</code></pre>

What is a good/best way to count the number of characters, words, and lines of a text file using Perl (without using wc)?

How do I count the characters, words, and lines in a file, using Perl?

使用Perl (不使用wc)计算文本文件的字符数、单词数和行数的最佳方法是什么？

问如何使用Perl计算文件中的字符、单词和行数？
EN

回答 8

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问如何使用Perl计算文件中的字符、单词和行数？EN

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问如何使用Perl计算文件中的字符、单词和行数？
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