问创建具有不同列样式和底部不同标签的直方图

EN

def groupbar(ax,data,x,y,hue,colors=[],fs=14,rot=0,ha='center'):
    """
    groupbar(ax,data,x,y,hue,colors=[],fs=14,rot=0,ha='center')
    ax is the axis to plot onto
    data is a pandas dataframe with columns that have the same names as x, y, and hue
    colors is a list of colors to use for the bars
    x is the column name that corresponds to the categories at the bottom
    y is the column that corresponds to the bar height
    hue is the column that corresponds to the subgroup (bar color)
    colors is a list of colors for the bars
    fs, rot, and ha are tick label font size, rotation, and horizontal alignment
    """
    xs = data[x].unique()
    hues = np.unique(data[hue])
    Nx = len(xs)
    Nh = len(hues)
    width = (Nh+1)*Nx+1
    handles = []
    xvals = np.zeros((Nx,Nh))
    for xi in range(Nx):
        for hi in range(Nh):
            yval = data[(data[x]==xs[xi])&(data[hue]==hues[hi])][y].values
            xval = (hi+1)*(Nx) + xi + hi
            hand = ax.bar(x=xval,height=yval,width=0.95,color=colors[xi])
            handles.append(hand)
            xvals[xi,hi] = xval
    ax.legend(handles[::Nh],xs,fontsize=16)
    ax.set_xticks(np.median(xvals,0))
    ax.set_xticklabels(hues,fontsize=fs,rotation=rot,ha=ha)
    ax.set_axisbelow(True)
    ax.tick_params(axis='y',labelsize=fs)
    ax.grid(color=[0.8,0.8,0.8],linestyle='--')
    return handles

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
colors = ['blue','lightblue','darkgoldenrod','gold']
groupbar(ax,data,'x','percentage','category',colors=colors)