从不同类的对象访问单个变量？

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name  # 公共变量

    def speak(self):
        pass

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return f"{self.name} says Woof!"

class Cat(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return f"{self.name} says Meow!"

# 创建对象
dog = Dog("Buddy")
cat = Cat("Whiskers")

# 访问变量
print(dog.name)  # 输出: Buddy
print(cat.name)  # 输出: Whiskers

# 调用方法
print(dog.speak())  # 输出: Buddy says Woof!
print(cat.speak())  # 输出: Whiskers says Meow!

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.__name = name  # 私有变量

    def get_name(self):
        return self.__name

    def set_name(self, name):
        self.__name = name

# 创建对象
animal = Animal("Unknown")

# 安全访问私有变量
print(animal.get_name())  # 输出: Unknown
animal.set_name("New Name")
print(animal.get_name())  # 输出: New Name