使用netlink API从linux接口删除属于同一子网的ipv4地址

Netlink API是Linux内核提供的一种机制，用于在用户空间和内核空间之间进行通信。它允许开发人员通过发送和接收消息来与内核进行交互，包括对网络接口进行管理。

要使用Netlink API从Linux接口删除属于同一子网的IPv4地址，可以按照以下步骤进行操作：

1. 导入必要的头文件：#include <sys/socket.h> #include <linux/netlink.h> #include <linux/rtnetlink.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h>
2. 创建Netlink Socket：int sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE); if (sock < 0) { perror("Failed to create netlink socket"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }
3. 构建Netlink消息：struct { struct nlmsghdr nlh; struct ifaddrmsg ifa; char buffer[256]; } request; memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); // 设置Netlink消息头部 request.nlh.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg)); request.nlh.nlmsg_type = RTM_DELADDR; request.nlh.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK; request.nlh.nlmsg_seq = 1; // 设置ifaddrmsg结构体 request.ifa.ifa_family = AF_INET; request.ifa.ifa_prefixlen = 24; // 子网掩码长度 request.ifa.ifa_flags = IFA_F_PERMANENT; request.ifa.ifa_scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE; request.ifa.ifa_index = if_nametoindex("eth0"); // 接口名称 // 添加IPv4地址到消息中 struct nlattr *attr = (struct nlattr *)((char *)&request + NLMSG_ALIGN(request.nlh.nlmsg_len)); attr->nla_type = IFA_LOCAL; attr->nla_len = sizeof(struct nlattr) + sizeof(struct in_addr); memcpy((char *)attr + sizeof(struct nlattr), &ipv4_address, sizeof(struct in_addr)); request.nlh.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_ALIGN(request.nlh.nlmsg_len) + attr->nla_len;
4. 发送Netlink消息：struct sockaddr_nl sa; memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa)); sa.nl_family = AF_NETLINK; if (sendto(sock, &request, request.nlh.nlmsg_len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0) { perror("Failed to send netlink message"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }
5. 接收Netlink回复：char response[4096]; struct iovec iov = { response, sizeof(response) }; struct msghdr msg = { &sa, sizeof(sa), &iov, 1, NULL, 0, 0 }; if (recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0) < 0) { perror("Failed to receive netlink message"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } struct nlmsghdr *nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)response; while (NLMSG_OK(nlh, msg.msg_len)) { if (nlh->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR) { struct nlmsgerr *err = (struct nlmsgerr *)NLMSG_DATA(nlh); if (err->error != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "Netlink error: %s\n", strerror(-err->error)); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } } nlh = NLMSG_NEXT(nlh, msg.msg_len); }

以上代码片段演示了如何使用Netlink API从Linux接口删除属于同一子网的IPv4地址。请注意，这只是一个简单的示例，实际应用中可能需要进行错误处理、参数验证等。

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