如何使用AspNetCore.Identity和MongoDb实现所有用户的异步操作？

// 1. 安装必要的NuGet包
// Install-Package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.MongoDB
// Install-Package MongoDB.Driver

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using MongoDB.Driver;

// 2. 创建自定义的用户类
public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
    // 添加任何额外的用户属性
}

// 3. 创建自定义的角色类
public class ApplicationRole : IdentityRole
{
    // 添加任何额外的角色属性
}

// 4. 创建MongoDB的数据库上下文类
public class ApplicationDbContext : IDisposable
{
    private readonly IMongoDatabase _database;

    public ApplicationDbContext(IConfiguration configuration)
    {
        var connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("MongoDB");
        var databaseName = configuration.GetValue<string>("DatabaseName");

        var client = new MongoClient(connectionString);
        _database = client.GetDatabase(databaseName);
    }

    public IMongoCollection<ApplicationUser> Users => _database.GetCollection<ApplicationUser>("Users");
    public IMongoCollection<ApplicationRole> Roles => _database.GetCollection<ApplicationRole>("Roles");

    public void Dispose()
    {
        // 释放资源
    }
}

// 5. 在Startup.cs文件中进行配置
public class Startup
{
    private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

    public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
    {
        _configuration = configuration;
    }

    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        // 添加MongoDB的连接字符串和数据库名称的配置
        services.Configure<MongoDBSettings>(_configuration.GetSection("MongoDBSettings"));

        // 注册AspNetCore.Identity服务，并配置使用MongoDB作为存储提供程序
        services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>()
            .AddMongoDbStores<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole, Guid>(options =>
            {
                options.ConnectionString = _configuration.GetConnectionString("MongoDB");
            })
            .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

        // 配置身份验证和授权选项
        services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
        {
            // 配置密码复杂性要求等
        });

        // 其他服务的配置...

        services.AddSingleton<ApplicationDbContext>();
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
    {
        // 中间件配置...
    }
}

// 6. 在需要进行用户操作的地方，注入UserManager和RoleManager服务，并使用它们进行异步操作
public class UserController : Controller
{
    private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;
    private readonly RoleManager<ApplicationRole> _roleManager;

    public UserController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager, RoleManager<ApplicationRole> roleManager)
    {
        _userManager = userManager;
        _roleManager = roleManager;
    }

    public async Task<IActionResult> CreateUser()
    {
        var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = "testuser" };
        var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, "password");

        if (result.Succeeded)
        {
            // 用户创建成功
        }
        else
        {
            // 用户创建失败
        }

        return View();
    }

    // 其他用户操作的方法...
}