如何使用Codable处理不同类型的JSON数据？

struct Person: Codable {
    let name: String
    let age: Int
}

let jsonData = """
{
    "name": "John",
    "age": 30
}
""".data(using: .utf8)!

let decoder = JSONDecoder()
do {
    let person = try decoder.decode(Person.self, from: jsonData)
    print(person.name) // 输出: John
    print(person.age) // 输出: 30
} catch {
    print("解码失败: \(error)")
}

let encoder = JSONEncoder()
do {
    let jsonData = try encoder.encode(person)
    let jsonString = String(data: jsonData, encoding: .utf8)
    print(jsonString) // 输出: {"name":"John","age":30}
} catch {
    print("编码失败: \(error)")
}