如何反序列化XML文档

反序列化XML文档是将XML格式的数据转换为可以使用的编程语言对象或数据结构的过程。在许多编程语言中，都有现成的库或模块可以帮助开发者完成这个任务。以下是一些常见编程语言中如何反序列化XML文档的示例：

Python：

Python中可以使用内置的xml.etree.ElementTree模块来解析和反序列化XML文档。以下是一个简单的示例：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

xml_data = '''<?xml version="1.0"?><catalog>
   <book id="bk101">
     <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
     <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
      <genre>Computer</genre>
     <price>44.95</price>
     <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
     <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk102">
     <author>Ralls, Kim</author>
     <title>Midnight Rain</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
     <price>5.95</price>
     <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
     <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies and an evil sorceress.</description>
   </book>
</catalog>
'''

root = ET.fromstring(xml_data)

for book in root.findall('book'):
    print(book.attrib['id'])
    print(book.find('title').text)
    print(book.find('author').text)

Java：

Java中可以使用内置的javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory和javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder类来解析和反序列化XML文档。以下是一个简单的示例：

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

public class XmlParser {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String xmlData = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>" +
               <catalog>" +
                "   <book id=\"bk101\">" +
                "     <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>" +
                "     <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>" +
                "      <genre>Computer</genre>" +
                "     <price>44.95</price>" +
                "     <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>" +
                "     <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description>" +
                "   </book>" +
                "   <book id=\"bk102\">" +
                "     <author>Ralls, Kim</author>" +
                "     <title>Midnight Rain</title>" +
                "      <genre>Fantasy</genre>" +
                "     <price>5.95</price>" +
                "     <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>" +
                "     <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies and an evil sorceress.</description>" +
                "   </book>" +
                "</catalog>";

        try {
            DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
            InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(xmlData.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            Document doc = dBuilder.parse(is);

            doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

            NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");

            for (int temp = 0; temp < nList.getLength(); temp++) {

                Node nNode = nList.item(temp);

                if (nNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {

                    Element eElement = (Element) nNode;

                    System.out.println("Book id: " + eElement.getAttribute("id"));
                    System.out.println("Title: " + eElement.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent());
                    System.out.println("Author: " + eElement.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent());
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

JavaScript：

在JavaScript中，可以使用内置的DOMParser对象来解析和反序列化XML文档。以下是一个简单的示例：

const xmlData = `<?xml version="1.0"?><catalog>

 <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>

 <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>

  <genre>Computer</genre>

 <price>44.95</price>

 <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>

 <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description>

</book>

 <author>Ralls, Kim</author>

 <title>Midnight Rain</title>

  <genre>Fantasy</genre>

 <price>5.95</price>

 <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>

 <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies and an evil sorceress.</description>

</book>

</catalog>

const parser = new DOMParser();

const xmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(xmlData, "application/xml");

const books = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("book");

for (let i = 0; i< books.length; i++) {

const book = books[i];

console.log("Book id: " + book.getAttribute("id"));

console.log("Title

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