如何在将对象传递给函数时指定TypeScript类型？

interface Person {
  name: string;
  age: number;
}

function greet(person: Person): string {
  return `Hello, ${person.name}!`;
}

const user = { name: 'Alice', age: 30 };
console.log(greet(user)); // 输出: Hello, Alice!

function greet(person: Person): string {
  return `Hello, ${person.name}!`;
}

const user = { name: 'Alice', age: 30 } as Person;
console.log(greet(user)); // 输出: Hello, Alice!

function greet<T extends { name: string }>(person: T): string {
  return `Hello, ${person.name}!`;
}

const user = { name: 'Alice', age: 30 };
console.log(greet(user)); // 输出: Hello, Alice!

interface Dog {
  kind: 'dog';
  bark: () => void;
}

interface Cat {
  kind: 'cat';
  meow: () => void;
}

type Animal = Dog | Cat;

function makeSound(animal: Animal): void {
  if (animal.kind === 'dog') {
    animal.bark(); // 类型缩小为 Dog
  } else {
    animal.meow(); // 类型缩小为 Cat
  }
}