如何在MatLab/Octave中模拟贷款组合？

% 设置参数
nLoans = 100; % 贷款数量
principal = randi([100000, 500000], nLoans, 1); % 每笔贷款的本金
rate = 0.05; % 年利率
years = 30; % 贷款期限
paymentsPerYear = 12; % 每年还款次数

% 计算每笔贷款的未来现金流
cashFlows = zeros(nLoans, years * paymentsPerYear);
for i = 1:nLoans
    for t = 1:years * paymentsPerYear
        if t <= years * paymentsPerYear - (years * paymentsPerYear / years)
            cashFlows(i, t) = principal(i) * rate / paymentsPerYear;
        else
            cashFlows(i, t) = principal(i) * rate / paymentsPerYear + principal(i) / years;
        end
    end
end

% 计算贷款组合的总现金流
totalCashFlows = sum(cashFlows);

% 绘制现金流图
figure;
plot(1:years * paymentsPerYear, totalCashFlows);
xlabel('Time (months)');
ylabel('Total Cash Flow');
title('Loan Portfolio Cash Flows');