如何在Spring中使用筛选器并抛出自定义异常？

public class CustomFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        // 进行筛选和处理操作
        
        // 如果出现错误情况，抛出自定义异常
        throw new CustomException("自定义异常信息");
        
        // 继续执行后续过滤器或请求处理
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
}

<filter>
    <filter-name>customFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.example.CustomFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>customFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

@ControllerAdvice
public class CustomExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<String> handleCustomException(CustomException ex) {
        // 处理自定义异常，可以返回自定义的错误信息或其他响应
        
        return new ResponseEntity<>("自定义异常处理结果", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }
}