在Linux系统中,信号(Signal)是一种进程间通信(IPC)机制,用于通知进程某个事件已经发生。TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)是一种面向连接的、可靠的、基于字节流的传输层通信协议。
信号(Signal):
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol):
信号的优势:
TCP的优势:
信号的类型:
TCP的类型:
信号的应用场景:
TCP的应用场景:
信号相关问题:
TCP相关问题:
以下是一个简单的Linux信号处理示例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void signal_handler(int signum) {
printf("Received signal %d\n", signum);
}
int main() {
// 注册信号处理函数
signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
while (1) {
printf("Waiting for signal...\n");
sleep(1);
}
return 0;
}
在这个示例中,程序会等待SIGINT信号(通常由Ctrl+C触发),并在接收到信号时打印一条消息。
对于TCP连接,以下是一个简单的客户端和服务器示例:
服务器端:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 8080
int main() {
int server_fd, new_socket;
struct sockaddr_in address;
int addrlen = sizeof(address);
char buffer[1024] = {0};
// 创建socket文件描述符
if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
perror("socket failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 绑定socket
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
address.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {
perror("bind failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 监听
if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {
perror("listen");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 接受连接
if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t*)&addrlen)) < 0) {
perror("accept");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 读取数据
read(new_socket, buffer, 1024);
printf("Received: %s\n", buffer);
close(new_socket);
close(server_fd);
return 0;
}
客户端:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 8080
int main() {
int sock = 0;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
char *hello = "Hello from client";
if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("\n Socket creation error \n");
return -1;
}
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
// 转换IPv4地址从文本到二进制形式
if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serv_addr.sin_addr)<=0) {
printf("\nInvalid address/ Address not supported \n");
return -1;
}
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
printf("\nConnection Failed \n");
return -1;
}
send(sock, hello, strlen(hello), 0);
printf("Hello message sent\n");
close(sock);
return 0;
}
这个示例展示了如何创建一个简单的TCP服务器和客户端,进行基本的网络通信。
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