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WIFI密码破解笔记

相对于前一段时间脆弱的WEP加密路由器而言,当今的路由器加密方式也大都改变为WPA/WPA2,使得无线路由器的破解难度增加。虽然如此,但还是有很多漏洞层出不穷,如针对路由器WPS的漏洞。退一步来说,即使加密算法无懈可击,我们还可以针对安全防护中最脆弱的部分——人——来进行破解。人的想象力实在是匮乏的很,往往设置密码来来回回就是那么几类,用一个常见的弱口令字典,往往就能在10分钟左右把其密码暴力破解出来。这里提供己种常见的WIFI破解方式,其中WEP破解因为已经过时,所以只是在提到的时候一笔带过,主要记录的是抓握手包然后暴力破解的通用方法,末尾也会提及到WPS的破解方式。注意这仅仅作为个人实验用,最好在自己的家庭网络中测试,以免给别人带来不便。

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WEP/WPA/WPA2/WPA3初识

WEP加密是最早在无线加密中使用的技术,新的升级程序在设置上和以前有点不同,功能当然比之前丰富一些,下面让我们来看看如何使用WEP。 当在无线“基本设置”里面“安全认证类型”选择“自动选择”、“开放系统”、“共享密钥”这三项的时候,使用的就是WEP加密技术,“自动选择”是无线路由器可以和客户端自动协商成“开放系统”或者“共享密钥”。 WEP有2种认证方式:开放式系统认证(open system authentication)和共有键认证(shared key authentication)。 开放式系统认证 顾名思义,不需要密钥验证就可以连接。 共有键认证 客户端需要发送与接入点预存密钥匹配的密钥。共有键一共有4个步骤 1.客户端向接入点发送认证请求。 2.接入点发回一个明文。 3.客户端利用预存的密钥对明文加密,再次向接入点发出认证请求。 4.接入点对数据包进行解密,比较明文,并决定是否接受请求。 综上所述,共有键认证的安全性高于开放式系统认证,但是就技术而言,完全可以无视这种认证。

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hostapd 配置「建议收藏」

hostapd is an IEEE 802.11 AP and IEEE 802.1X/WPA/WPA2/EAP/RADIUS Authenticator. This page is dedicated to the Linux documentation of it’s implementation and use. Please refer to the hostapd home page for information for other Operating Systems. As far a Linux is concerned, out of the old drivers you can only use these 3 drivers with hostapd: HostAP madwifi prism54 All new mac80211 based drivers that implement AP functionality are supported with hostapd’s nl80211 driver. The mac80211 subsystem moves all aspects of master mode into user space. It depends on hostapd to handle authenticating clients, setting encryption keys, establishing key rotation policy, and other aspects of the wireless infrastructure. Due to this, the old method of issuing ‘ iwconfig <wireless interface> mode master’ no longer works. Userspace programs like hostapd now use netlink (the nl80211 driver) to create a master mode interface for your traffic and a monitor mode interface for receiving and transmitting management frames. Getting hostapd Using your distributions hostapd It is advisable to try your distributions version of hostapd before taking the time to compile and install your own copy. This will make future maintenance easier as you’ll be able to use the init scripts shipped by the distro and hostapd will be updated by it as well. If your distribution ships 0.6.8 or later, you can test with this bare minimum config by creating the file hostapd-minimal.conf: #change wlan0 to your wireless device interface=wlan0 driver=nl80211 ssid=test channel=1 If that config errors out with something like: hostapd $ sudo hostapd ./hostapd-minimal.conf Configuration file: ./hostapd-minimal.conf Line 2: invalid/unknown driver ‘nl80211’ 1 errors found in configuration file ‘./hostapd-minimal.conf’ that means that your distro is not shipping hostapd with nl80211 driver support and you’ll need to follow the building instructions that follow. If it works, you can skip down to the configuring hostapd secti

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