MySQL高可用加读写分离是一种提升数据库系统性能和可靠性的架构设计。它通过将读操作和写操作分离到不同的数据库实例上,以减轻主数据库的压力,并提高系统的整体吞吐量。在高可用架构中,通常会设置主从复制,当主数据库出现故障时,可以快速切换到从数据库,保证服务的连续性。
以下是一个简单的Python示例,演示如何实现基于连接的读写分离:
import mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import pooling
# 创建连接池
dbconfig = {
"host": "master_host",
"user": "user",
"password": "password",
"database": "database"
}
read_pool = mysql.connector.pooling.MySQLConnectionPool(pool_name="read_pool", pool_size=5, **dbconfig)
write_pool = mysql.connector.pooling.MySQLConnectionPool(pool_name="write_pool", pool_size=5, **dbconfig)
def get_read_connection():
return read_pool.get_connection()
def get_write_connection():
return write_pool.get_connection()
# 使用示例
try:
# 写操作
write_conn = get_write_connection()
write_cursor = write_conn.cursor()
write_cursor.execute("INSERT INTO table (column) VALUES (%s)", ("value",))
write_conn.commit()
write_cursor.close()
write_conn.close()
# 读操作
read_conn = get_read_connection()
read_cursor = read_conn.cursor()
read_cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM table")
result = read_cursor.fetchall()
read_cursor.close()
read_conn.close()
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
print(f"Error: {err}")
注意:在实际应用中,还需要考虑更多的细节和异常处理逻辑。