python py-game中碰撞时的粒子重叠

import pygame
import random

# 初始化Pygame
pygame.init()

# 定义窗口尺寸
width = 800
height = 600

# 创建窗口
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
pygame.display.set_caption("Particle Collision")

# 定义粒子类
class Particle:
    def __init__(self, x, y, radius, color):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.radius = radius
        self.color = color
        self.vx = random.randint(-5, 5)  # 随机生成x轴速度
        self.vy = random.randint(-5, 5)  # 随机生成y轴速度

    def update(self):
        self.x += self.vx
        self.y += self.vy

        # 处理碰撞边界
        if self.x < self.radius or self.x > width - self.radius:
            self.vx *= -1
        if self.y < self.radius or self.y > height - self.radius:
            self.vy *= -1

    def draw(self):
        pygame.draw.circle(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y), self.radius)

# 创建粒子列表
particles = []
for _ in range(10):
    x = random.randint(0, width)
    y = random.randint(0, height)
    radius = random.randint(10, 20)
    color = (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255))
    particle = Particle(x, y, radius, color)
    particles.append(particle)

# 游戏主循环
running = True
while running:
    screen.fill((255, 255, 255))

    # 处理事件
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    # 更新和绘制粒子
    for particle in particles:
        particle.update()
        particle.draw()

    # 处理碰撞
    for i in range(len(particles)):
        for j in range(i + 1, len(particles)):
            dx = particles[i].x - particles[j].x
            dy = particles[i].y - particles[j].y
            distance = (dx ** 2 + dy ** 2) ** 0.5
            if distance < particles[i].radius + particles[j].radius:
                # 碰撞发生，使粒子重叠
                overlap = particles[i].radius + particles[j].radius - distance
                overlap_x = overlap * dx / distance
                overlap_y = overlap * dy / distance
                particles[i].x += overlap_x / 2
                particles[i].y += overlap_y / 2
                particles[j].x -= overlap_x / 2
                particles[j].y -= overlap_y / 2

    pygame.display.flip()

# 退出游戏
pygame.quit()