Python Django框架 Web网站管理系统开发

引言

开发以下功能需要掌握技能：

1. 程序设计

2.Python

3.Python Django框架

4. Bootstrap前端框架

5. Mysql

6. Redis

7. Centos Linux 服务器部署：Centos、Nginx、uWSGI、Supervisord、Redis、Mysql

网站概览

1.首页

2.资讯

3. 关于我们

4. 网站管理后台登陆界面

5.网站管理后台主功能模块界面

Bootstrap移动端展示效果图

1.首页

2.案例

3.管理后台图表统计

程序目录结构

目录结构：

程序主要公共开发模块讲解

1. 富文本编辑器

管理后台前端表现

公共模块插件方法

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from__future__importunicode_literals

fromdjango.shortcutsimportrender

fromdjango.httpimportHttpResponse

fromdjango.confimportsettings

fromdjango.views.decorators.csrfimportcsrf_exempt

importos

importuuid

importjson

importdatetimeasdt

fromkindeditor.modelsimportKindEditor

# Create your views here.

defuptest(request):

ifrequest.method =="GET":

returnrender(request,'test.html')

ifrequest.method =="POST":

title = request.POST.get('title','')

content = request.POST.get('content','')

KindEditor(title=title,content=content).save()

returnrender(request,'kindeditor.html')

deftestviews(request):

ifrequest.method =="GET":

data = KindEditor.objects.all()[]

ret = {"data":data}

returnrender(request,'testviews.html',{"ret":ret})

@csrf_exempt

defupload_image(request,dir_name):

##################

# kindeditor图片上传返回数据格式说明：

# {"error": 1, "message": "出错信息"}

# {"error": 0, "url": "图片地址"}

##################

result = {"error":1,"message":"上传出错"}

files = request.FILES.get("imgFile",None)

iffiles:

result =image_upload(files,dir_name)

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps(result),content_type="application/json")

#目录创建

defupload_generation_dir(dir_name):

today = dt.datetime.today()

dir_name = dir_name +'/%d/%d/'%(today.year,today.month)

if notos.path.exists(settings.MEDIA_ROOT):

os.makedirs(settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

returndir_name

# 图片上传

defimage_upload(files,dir_name):

#允许上传文件类型

allow_suffix =['jpg','png','jpeg','gif','bmp']

file_suffix = files.name.split(".")[-1]

iffile_suffixnot inallow_suffix:

return{"error":1,"message":"图片格式不正确"}

relative_path_file = upload_generation_dir(dir_name)

path=os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT,relative_path_file)

printpath

if notos.path.exists(path):#如果目录不存在创建目录

os.makedirs(path)

file_name=str(uuid.uuid1())+"."+file_suffix

path_file=os.path.join(path,file_name)

file_url = settings.MEDIA_URL + relative_path_file + file_name

open(path_file,'wb').write(files.file.read())

return{"error":,"url": file_url}

Django服务端代码

# 新闻管理

@auth

defadminnews(request,page):

ifrequest.method =='GET':

start,end,page = PageSEP(page)

pagecount = models.News.objects.all().count()

data = models.News.objects.all().order_by('-id')[start:end]

ret = {"data":data,"page":PageNum(page,pagecount,"admins/news")}

queryid = request.GET.get('queryid')

ifqueryid:

querydata = models.News.objects.filter(id=queryid)

ifquerydata:

querydata = querydata.values("content")[].get("content")

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"success": querydata}))

else:

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"success":"查无数据"}))

returnrender(request,'ADnews.html',{"ret":ret})

ifrequest.method =='POST':

# 新增

title = request.POST.get('title')

iftitle:

content = request.POST.get('content')

author = request.POST.get('author')

uptime = request.POST.get('uptime')

models.News(title=title,content=content,author=author,uptime=uptime).save()

# 删除

delid = request.POST.get('delid')

ifdelid:

models.News.objects.filter(id=delid).delete()

# 修改

uptitle = request.POST.get('uptitle')

ifuptitle:

upid = request.POST.get("upid")

upcontent = request.POST.get('upcontent')

upauthor = request.POST.get('upauthor')

upuptime = request.POST.get('upuptime')

models.News.objects.filter(id=upid).update(title=uptitle,content=upcontent,author=upauthor,uptime=upuptime)

# 搜索用户

search = request.POST.get('search')

ifsearch:

searchid = request.POST.get('searchid')

searchtitle = request.POST.get('searchtitle')

ifsearchtitle:

data = models.News.objects.filter(title__icontains=searchtitle)

ret = {'data': data}

returnrender(request,'ADnews.html',{'ret': ret})

ifsearchid:

data = models.News.objects.filter(id=searchid)

ret = {'data': data}

returnrender(request,'ADnews.html',{'ret': ret})

returnHttpResponseRedirect('/admins/news')

returnHttpResponseRedirect('/admins/news')

2.网站验证码

前端表现

公共模块插件方法

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

fromPILimportImage,ImageDraw,ImageFont,ImageFilter

importrandom,time

# img 存储过程

defSaveImg(upimg):

photoname ='static/upload/%s.%s'% (str(time.time()).split('.')[],str(upimg).decode('utf-8').split('.')[-1])

img = Image.open(upimg)

img.save(photoname)

img ='/'+ photoname

returnimg

classPicture(object):

def__init__(self,text_str,size,background):

'''

text_str: 验证码显示的字符组成的字符串

size: 图片大小

background: 背景颜色

'''

self.text_list =list(text_str)

self.size = size

self.background = background

defcreate_pic(self):

'''

创建一张图片

'''

self.width,self.height =self.size

self.img = Image.new("RGB",self.size,self.background)

# 实例化画笔

self.draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.img)

defcreate_point(self,num,color):

'''

num: 画点的数量

color: 点的颜色

功能：画点

'''

foriinrange(num):

self.draw.point(

(random.randint(,self.width),random.randint(,self.height)),

fill=color

)

defcreate_line(self,num,color):

'''

num: 线条的数量

color: 线条的颜色

功能：画线条

'''

foriinrange(num):

self.draw.line(

[

(random.randint(,self.width),random.randint(,self.height)),

(random.randint(,self.width),random.randint(,self.height))

],

fill=color

)

defcreate_text(self,font_type,font_size,font_color,font_num,start_xy):

'''

font_type: 字体

font_size: 文字大小

font_color: 文字颜色

font_num: 文字数量

start_xy: 第一个字左上角坐标,元组类型，如 (5,5)

功能： 画文字

'''

font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type,font_size)

self.strs = random.sample(self.text_list,font_num)

self.draw.text(start_xy," ".join(self.strs),font=font,fill=font_color)

defopera(self):

'''

功能：给画出来的线条，文字，扭曲一下，缩放一下，位移一下，滤镜一下。

就是让它看起来有点歪，有点扭。

'''

params = [

1-float(random.randint(1,2)) /100,

,

,

,

1-float(random.randint(1,10)) /100,

float(random.randint(1,2)) /500,

0.001,

float(random.randint(1,2)) /500

]

self.img =self.img.transform(self.size,Image.PERSPECTIVE,params)

self.img =self.img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE)

# if __name__ == "__main__":

defccode():

strings ="abcdefghjkmnpqrstwxyz23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTWXYZ"

size = (150,50)

background ='white'

pic = Picture(strings,size,background)

pic.create_pic()

pic.create_point(500,(220,220,220))

pic.create_line(30,(220,220,220))

pic.create_text("simsun.ttc",24,(,,205),5,(7,7))

pic.opera()

# pic.img.show()

img,strs=pic.img,''.join(pic.strs)

returnimg,strs

Django服务端代码

# 验证码

defvalidate(request):

img,strs = ccode()

mstream = StringIO.StringIO()

img.save(mstream,"GIF")

request.session['validate'] = strs

returnHttpResponse(mstream.getvalue(),"image/gif")

Django服务端判断验证码是否输入正确代码

# 首页登陆

defadminlogin(request):

ifrequest.method =='GET':

request.session.clear()

returnrender(request,'ADlogin.html')

ifrequest.method =='POST':

username = request.POST.get('username','')

password = request.POST.get('password','')

code = request.POST.get('ccode','')

ifcode.lower() != request.session.get('validate','error').lower():

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"error":'验证码错误，请重新输入！'}))

3. 网站权限管理

程序设计逻辑略过

代码部分略过

请自行思考

前端程序表现1

前端程序表现2

前端程序表现3

前端程序表现4

4. 网站留言管理

前端表现

Django服务器代码

代码略过，捕获新增留言条数，查看后状态清空为0

5. 数据统计模块

PS：打点数据统计用户行为由服务器完成，前端未主动发起请求

前端表现

Django服务器端

5.1. 捕获用户访问页面次数，捕获用户访问IP

# 统计用户信息

defcollectinfo(request):

ifrequest.META.has_key('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'):

ip = request.META['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']

else:

ip = request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']

path = request.path

if"news"inpath:

path ="/news"

CollectInfo(ip=ip,path=path).save()

5.2. 分析筛选数据并返回给前端

# 图表统计

@auth

defadminchartdata(request):

starttime = request.GET.get("starttime")

endtime = request.GET.get("endtime")

if notstarttimeand notendtime:

endtime = datetime.now()

starttime = endtime - timedelta(days=7)

endtime =str(endtime)[:16]

starttime =str(starttime)[:16]

path = CollectInfo.objects.filter(createtime__range=(starttime,endtime)).values("path").distinct()

pathlist = []

pathdata = []

iplist = []

foriinpath:

ifi.get("path")=="/":

pathlist.append("首页")

ifi.get("path")=="/information":

pathlist.append("资讯")

ifi.get("path")=="/case":

pathlist.append("案例")

ifi.get("path")=="/about":

pathlist.append("关于")

ifi.get("path")=="/news":

pathlist.append("新闻")

data = CollectInfo.objects.filter(createtime__range=(starttime,endtime),path=i.get("path"))

pathdata.append(data.count())

iplist.append(data.values("ip").distinct().count())

pathlist = json.dumps(pathlist,encoding="UTF-8",ensure_ascii=False)

ret = {"pathlist":pathlist,"pathdata":pathdata,"iplist":iplist,"starttime":starttime,"endtime":endtime}

returnrender(request,'ADchartdata.html',ret)

Bootstrap框架 + Echarts插件+jedate日期选择插件

图表分析前端代码略过

6. 装饰函数，判断登陆是否失效验证

备注：Java Web开发框架中专业称呼：Filter、过滤器、拦截器，由单独配置文件或方法处理。

判断cookie中的信息

# 判断登陆

defauth(func):

definner(request,*args,**kwargs):

adminname = request.session.get('admin','error')

# admin用户拥有最高权限

ifadminname =="admin":

returnfunc(request,*args,**kwargs)

username = models.UserManage.objects.filter(username= adminname)

ifusername:

ifroles = ifrole(request,adminname)

ififroles:

returnHttpResponse(ifroles)

else:

returnfunc(request,*args,**kwargs)

else:

returnHttpResponseRedirect('/admins')

returninner

登陆操作设置cookie中的seesion信息用于服务端判定登陆信息

# 首页登陆

defadminlogin(request):

ifrequest.method =='GET':

request.session.clear()

returnrender(request,'ADlogin.html')

ifrequest.method =='POST':

username = request.POST.get('username','')

password = request.POST.get('password','')

code = request.POST.get('ccode','')

ifcode.lower() != request.session.get('validate','error').lower():

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"error":'验证码错误，请重新输入！'}))

user = models.UserManage.objects.filter(username__exact= username,password__exact= password)

ifuser:

userstatus = models.UserManage.objects.filter(username__exact= username,status=1)

ifuserstatus:

request.session['admin'] = username

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"success":'登陆成功！'}))

else:

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"error":'账号未激活，请激活！'}))

else:

returnHttpResponse(json.dumps({"error":'用户名或密码错误，请重录！'}))

退出登陆

后台每个接口操作前判断

# 首页

@auth

defadminmanage(request):

username = request.session.get('admin','error')

rolename = models.UserManage.objects.filter(username= username).values("DoManage__username")[].get("DoManage__username")

MessageNum =int(MessageManage.objects.all().count())-int(models.MessageNum.objects.filter(id=1).values("MessageNum")[].get("MessageNum"))

returnrender(request,'ADindex.html',{'username':username,"rolename": rolename,"MessageNum":MessageNum})

7. 其他公共方法

7.1 增

7.2 删

7.3 改

7.4 模板数据封装绑定

7.5 JSON数据封装、Ajax操作、分页操作

7.6 Redis Nosql常用数据高速缓存查询

8. Redis存储中文字符编码问题

解决JSON中文字符存储编码问题

defmoviedata():

data = models.IndexMovieInfo.objects.all()

list = []

foriindata:

a = {str("id"):str(i.id),str("img"):str(i.img),str("a"):str(i.a),str("title"):str(i.title.encode("utf-8"))}

list.append(a)

r.set("movie",json.dumps(list,encoding="UTF-8",ensure_ascii=False))

每分钟多线程更新Redis缓存数据

defwhiletask():

while True:

time.sleep(60)

moviedata()

bannerdata()

informationdata()

informationhotdata()

caseinfo()

defTimedTask():

t = threading.Thread(target=whiletask,args=())

t.setDaemon(True)

t.start()

9. 单张图片存储公共方法、

公共方法

# img 存储过程

defSaveImg(upimg):

photoname ='static/upload/%s.%s'% (str(time.time()).split('.')[],str(upimg).decode('utf-8').split('.')[-1])

img = Image.open(upimg)

img.save(photoname)

img ='/'+ photoname

returnimg

单张图片修改存储

# 修改Banner信息

upid = request.POST.get('upid')

ifupid:

uplink = request.POST.get('uplink')

uptitle = request.POST.get('uptitle')

upcontent = request.POST.get('upcontent')

upstatus = request.POST.get('upstatus')

try:

upimg = request.FILES['upimg']

except:

upimg =None

ifupimg:

img = SaveImg(upimg)

models.IndexBanerInfo.objects.filter(id=upid).update(img=img,a=uplink,title=uptitle,p=upcontent,status=upstatus)

models.IndexBanerInfo.objects.filter(id=upid).update(a=uplink,title=uptitle,p=upcontent,status=upstatus)

returnHttpResponseRedirect('/admins/banner')

10. CSV数据导出操作公共函数

前端表现

导出结果表现

公共函数方法

# csv 操作

importcsv

fromdjango.httpimportHttpResponse

defcopycsv(data):

response = HttpResponse(content_type='text/csv')

response['Content-Disposition'] ='attachment; filename="order-export.csv"'

# csvfile = open('order-export.csv', 'wb')

# writer = csv.writer(csvfile)

writer = csv.writer(response)

writer.writerow(['ID'.decode('utf-8').encode('GB2312'),'用户名'.decode('utf-8').encode('GB2312'),'电话'.decode('utf-8').encode('GB2312'),'邮箱'.decode('utf-8').encode('GB2312'),'留言内容'.decode('utf-8').encode('GB2312'),'时间'.decode('utf-8').encode('GB2312')])

# data = [ (),()]

writer.writerows(data)

# csvfile.close()

returnresponse

Django服务端数据导出操作

# 留言管理

@auth

defadminmessage(request,page):

ifrequest.method =="GET":

docsv = request.GET.get("docsv")

ifdocsv:

quessydata = MessageManage.objects.all()

data = []

forrowinquessydata:

query = [row.id,(row.name).encode('GB2312'),(row.phone).encode('GB2312'),(row.email).encode('GB2312'),(row.content).encode('GB2312'),str(str(row.createtime)[:-6])]

data.append(query)

returncopycsv(data)

12. 涉及内容太多无法再此一一讲解

以上模块仅作参考使用，教程到此结束，其他的请自行阅读代码

Github地址：https://github.com/Github-Benjamin/HomePage

网站用户前端页面参考：北风网瓢城Web俱乐部李彦辉Bootstrap教程，在此表示由衷感谢！

赠言

以下图片收藏于2012年百度暴风影音，截图设备为：Moto Defy +