Android实现摄像头拍照功能

<!--摄像头权限 --  
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /  
 <!--存储权限  SD卡读写权限 --  
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" /  
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/  
 <!--Camera Feature 声明对camera feature的使用 --  
 <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" /  
 <uses-feature 
 android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" 
 android:required="false" /  
 <!--视频、录音权限  请求音频捕获权限 --  
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_VIDEO"/  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/  

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:background="#FFFFFF" 
 android:layout_height="match_parent" 
 tools:context=".MainActivity"   
 <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent"  
 <ImageView 
 android:id="@+id/main_image" 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent"/  
 </LinearLayout  
 <LinearLayout 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" 
 android:layout_marginBottom="20dp" 
 android:orientation="horizontal"  
 <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:layout_weight="1" 
 android:id="@+id/main_camera" 
 android:text="拍照"/  
 <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:layout_weight="1" 
 android:text="退出" 
 android:id="@+id/main_quit"/  
 </LinearLayout  
</RelativeLayout  

import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.FileNotFoundException; 
 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.graphics.Bitmap; 
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; 
import android.util.Log; 
import android.view.Menu; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 
import android.widget.Button; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
 
 private Button cameraButton; //拍照按钮 
 private Button quitButton; //退出按钮 
 private ImageView imageView; //图片显示 
 
 @Override 
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 
 initViews(); 
 } 
 
 private void initViews() { 
 imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.main_image); 
// 从本地取图片(在sdcard中获取文件) 
 Bitmap bitmap = getLoacalBitmap("/sdcard/mhc.jpg"); 
 Log.e("msgTag", new File("/sdcard/mhc.jpg").exists()+"=========="); 
 imageView .setImageBitmap(bitmap); //设置Bitmap 
 cameraButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_camera); 
 quitButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_quit); 
 MainOnClickListener mainOnClickListener = new MainOnClickListener(); 
 cameraButton.setOnClickListener(mainOnClickListener); 
 quitButton.setOnClickListener(mainOnClickListener); 
 } 
 
 private class MainOnClickListener implements OnClickListener{ 
 
 @Override 
 public void onClick(View v) { 
 switch (v.getId()) { 
 case R.id.main_camera: 
 startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, CameraActivity.class)); 
 break; 
 case R.id.main_quit: 
 MainActivity.this.finish(); 
 break; 
 default: 
 break; 
 } 
 } 
 } 
 
 /** 
 * 根据文件路径获取所需要文件，并将该文件封装成Bitmap对象返回 
 * @param fileUrl 
 * @return 
 */ 
 public static Bitmap getLoacalBitmap(String fileUrl) { 
 try { 
 FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileUrl); 
 return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis); ///把流转化为Bitmap图片 
 } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { 
 e.printStackTrace(); 
 return null; 
 } 
 } 
} 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="match_parent" 
 android:background="#FFFFFF" 
 tools:context=".CameraActivity"   
 
 <LinearLayout 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="match_parent"   
 <SurfaceView 
 android:id="@+id/camera_preview" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="match_parent" 
 android:layout_gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal" /  
 </LinearLayout  
 <LinearLayout 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"  
 <Button 
 android:id="@+id/camera_save" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent" 
 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
 android:text="拍照" /  
 </LinearLayout  
</RelativeLayout  

import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import android.graphics.ImageFormat; 
import android.hardware.Camera; 
import android.os.AsyncTask; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.util.Log; 
import android.view.SurfaceHolder; 
import android.view.SurfaceView; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 
import android.widget.Button; 
public class CameraActivity extends Activity { 
private String tag ="CameraActivity"; 
private SurfaceView surfaceView; 
//Surface的控制器 
private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder; 
private Camera camera; 
private Button saveButton; 
//拍照的回调接口 
private Camera.PictureCallback pictureCallback = new Camera.PictureCallback() { 
public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { 
new SavePictureTask().execute(data); 
camera.startPreview(); 
} 
}; 
@Override 
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera); 
initViews(); 
} 
private void initViews() { 
saveButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_save); 
surfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview); 
surfaceHolder = surfaceView.getHolder(); 
// 给SurfaceView当前的持有者 SurfaceHolder 一个回调对象。 
//用户可以实现此接口接收surface变化的消息。当用在一个SurfaceView 中时， 
//它只在SurfaceHolder.Callback.surfaceCreated()和SurfaceHolder.Callback.surfaceDestroyed()之间有效。 
//设置Callback的方法是SurfaceHolder.addCallback. 
//实现过程一般继承SurfaceView并实现SurfaceHolder.Callback接口 
surfaceHolder.addCallback(surfaceCallback); 
// 设置surface不需要自己的维护缓存区 
surfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); 
saveButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { 
@Override 
public void onClick(View v) { 
camera.takePicture(null, null, pictureCallback); 
// Camera.takePicture(shutterCallback,rawCallback,pictureCallback ); 
// private ShutterCallback shutterCallback = new ShutterCallback(){ 
//  public void onShutter(){ 
//  /* 按快门瞬间会执行这里的代码 */ 
//  } 
//  }; 
// private PictureCallback rawCallback = new PictureCallback(){ 
//  public void onPictureTaken(byte[] _data, Camera _camera){ 
//  /* 如需要处理 raw 则在这里 写代码 */ 
//  } 
//  }; 
//  //当拍照后 存储JPG文件到 sd卡 
//  PictureCallback pictureCallback=new PictureCallback(){ 
//  public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data,Camera camera) { 
//  FileOutputStream outSteam=null; 
//  try{ 
//  SimpleDateFormat format=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss"); 
//  String times=format.format((new Date())); 
//  outSteam=new FileOutputStream("/sdcard/"+times+"mhc.jpg"); 
//  outSteam.write(data); 
//  outSteam.close(); 
//  }catch(FileNotFoundException e){ 
//  Log.d("Camera", "row"); 
//  } catch (IOException e) { 
//  e.printStackTrace(); 
//  } 
//  }; 
//  }; 
} 
}); 
} 
//SurfaceView当前的持有者的回调接口的实现 
SurfaceHolder.Callback surfaceCallback = new SurfaceHolder.Callback() { 
@Override 
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { 
camera = Camera.open(); 
Log.e(tag, "摄像头Open完成"); 
try { 
camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
camera.release(); 
camera = null; 
} 
} 
@Override 
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, 
int height) { 
Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters(); 
parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG); 
camera.setDisplayOrientation(0); 
camera.setParameters(parameters); 
camera.startPreview(); 
} 
@Override 
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { 
camera.stopPreview(); 
camera.release(); 
camera = null; 
} 
}; 
class SavePictureTask extends AsyncTask<byte[], String, String  { 
@Override 
protected String doInBackground(byte[]... params) { 
File picture = new File("/sdcard/mhc.jpg"); 
try { 
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(picture.getPath()); 
fos.write(params[0]); 
fos.close(); 
} catch (Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
} 
Log.e(tag, "照片保存完成"); 
CameraActivity.this.finish(); 
return null; 
} 
} 
}