每天学一个 Linux 命令（59）：ssh

ssh [OPTIONS] [-p PORT] [USER@]HOSTNAME [COMMAND]

-4 #强制ssh协议只使用IPv4地址
-6 #强制ssh协议只使用IPv6地址
-A #启用来自身份验证代理的连接转发
-a  #禁用身份验证代理连接的转发
-B bind_interface  #绑定到的地址 bind_interface在尝试连接到目标主机之前
-b bind_address    #使用 bind_address在本地计算机上作为连接的源地址
-C  #请求压缩所有数据
-c cipher_spec  #指定用于加密会话的密码规范
-D [bind_address：] 端口  #指定本地“动态”应用程序级端口转发
-E log_file   #将调试日志附加到 log_file 而非标准错误
-e escape_char  #设置带有pty的会话的转义字符（默认值：' ~'）
-F 配置文件  #指定每用户ssh的配置文件 
-f  #配置ssh在执行命令之前将请求转到后台 
-g  #允许远程主机连接到本地转发的端口
-i identity_file  #指定从这个文件中去读取用于公共密钥身份验证的标识（私有密钥）
-K  #启用基于GSSAPI的身份验证
-k  #禁用将GSSAPI凭据
-L local_socket：remote_socket  #指定将与本地（客户端）主机上给定的TCP端口或Unix套接字的连接转发到远程的给定主机和端口或Unix套接字。
-N  #禁止执行远程命令 
-p port  #指定SSH连接端口
-q  #静默模式
-s  #用于请求调用远程系统上的子系统
-T  #禁用分配伪终端
-t  #强制分配伪终端
-V  #打印SSH版本号并退出
-v  #详细模式（输出SSH连接的过程信息）
-X  #启用X11转发
-x  #禁用X11转发
-Y  #启用受信任的X11转发
-y  #指定发送日志信息 syslog（3）系统模块

ssh username@remote_host

#ssh 使用特定身份（私钥）连接到远程主机
ssh -i path/to/key_file username@remote_host

ssh username@remote_host -p 9999

ssh remote_host command
[root@centos7 ~]# ssh 192.168.1.199 ls
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.199 (192.168.1.199)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:mF2QLxkGH/mWhHu/NlaKOrx4nKkyVvhYV6BRPA8TdEk.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:a1:91:03:6b:9a:91:f6:c3:cf:19:06:32:19:b9:85:8e.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.199' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.1.199's password: 
anaconda-ks.cfg
dos_test.txt
goinception
goInception-linux-amd64-v1.2.3.tar.gz
httpd
httpd-2.4.46
httpd-2.4.46.tar.gz
mingongge.file
mingongge.z01
mingongge.z02
mingongge.zip
testdir
test.txt

[root@centos7 ~]# ssh -v 192.168.1.199 -p 22
OpenSSH_7.4p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 58: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 192.168.1.199 [192.168.1.199] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.4
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.4
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.4 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: Authenticating to 192.168.1.199:22 as 'root'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256 need=64 dh_need=64
debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256 need=64 dh_need=64
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:mF2QLxkGH/mWhHu/NlaKOrx4nKkyVvhYV6BRPA8TdEk
debug1: Host '192.168.1.199' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyex
debug1: No valid Key exchange context
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic
debug1: Unspecified GSS failure.  Minor code may provide more information
No Kerberos credentials available (default cache: KEYRING:persistent:0)

debug1: Unspecified GSS failure.  Minor code may provide more information
No Kerberos credentials available (default cache: KEYRING:persistent:0)

debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Next authentication method: password
root@192.168.1.199's password: 
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 192.168.1.199 ([192.168.1.199]:22).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: pledge: network
debug1: client_input_global_request: rtype hostkeys-00@openssh.com want_reply 0
debug1: Sending environment.
debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8
Last login: Sun Jan 17 14:26:28 2021 from 192.168.1.93