Norimaci：一款针对macOS的轻量级恶意软件分析沙箱

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发布于 2023-03-30 19:19:50

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发布于 2023-03-30 19:19:50

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关于Norimaci

Norimaci是一款针对macOS的轻量级恶意软件分析沙箱，Norimaci使用了OpenBSM和Monitor.app的功能来监控macOS操作系统的活动（没有使用Sysinternals进程监视器procmon。在该工具的帮助下，广大研究人员可以轻松监控macOS下的恶意软件活动情况。

Norimaci主要由下列三个Python脚本组成：

norimaci.py : 主功能脚本 openbsmconv.py : OpenBSM审计日志转换器 monitorappconv.py : Monitor.app日志转换器

OpenBSM是一个专门用于审计macOS互动的框架，而Monitor.app这是FireEye开发的一款免费工具。

工具要求

OS X 10.6或更高版本（已在macOS 10.13 - 10.15上进行过测试） VMware Fusion、Parallels、VirtualBox等 Python 3.5或更高版本 Monitor.app（可选） py-applescript PyObjC dnslib

准备工作

构建虚拟机来执行恶意软件

我们需要构建一个macOS虚拟机来执行恶意软件样本。除此之外，我们建议构建另一个虚拟机来建立伪造的网络连接。此时可以使用PolarProxy和INetSim可以提供伪造的HTTP/HTTPS以及DNS服务。

编辑/etc/security/audit_control

如果你使用OpenBSM来监控系统活动，则需要按照下列方式修改/etc/security/audit_control文件：

#
# $P4: //depot/projects/trustedbsd/openbsm/etc/audit_control#8 $
#
dir:/var/audit
flags:lo,aa,fc,fd,pc,nt,ex      <- edit here like this
minfree:5
naflags:lo,aa,fc,fd,pc,nt,ex    <- edit here like this
policy:cnt,argv
filesz:2M
expire-after:10M
superuser-set-sflags-mask:has_authenticated,has_console_access
superuser-clear-sflags-mask:has_authenticated,has_console_access
member-set-sflags-mask:
member-clear-sflags-mask:has_authenticated

工具安装

广大研究人员可以使用下列命令将该项目源码克隆至本地：

git clone https://github.com/mnrkbys/norimaci.git

工具使用

结合OpenBSM使用

1、使用sudo运行norimaci.py； 2、运行恶意软件样本； 3、等待一会儿...； 4、适当的时候在Norimaci运行的终端窗口中按下Ctrl+C； 5、此时将生成两类报告，即Norimaci_dd_Mon_yy__hh_mm_ffffff.txt和Norimaci_dd_Mon_yy__hh_mm_ffffff_timeline.csv； 6、确认报告可用；

$ sudo python3 ./norimaci.py -m openbsm -o ./out/
Password:


--===[ Norimaci v0.1.0
--===[ Minoru Kobayashi [@unkn0wnbit]
[*] Launching OpenBSM agent...
[*] When runtime is complete, press CTRL+C to stop logging.
^C
[*] Termination of OpenBSM agent commencing... please wait
[*] Converting OpenBSM data ...
[*] Loading converted macOS activity data ...
[*] Saving report to: /Users/macforensics/tools/norimaci/out/Norimaci_14_Jan_20__15_55_093219.txt
[*] Saving timeline to: /Users/macforensics/tools/norimaci/out/Norimaci_14_Jan_20__15_55_093219_timeline.csv

结合Monitor.app使用

注意：Monitor.app无法在macOS 10.15上运行，但支持macOS 10.14及之前版本。

1、使用sudo运行norimaci.py； 2、Norimaci启动Monitor.py后输入密码，因为Monitor.app需要密码来安装它的kext文件； 3、运行一个恶意软件样本； 4、等待一段时间...； 5、适当的时候在Norimaci运行的终端窗口中按下Ctrl+C； 6、此时将生成两类报告，即Norimaci_dd_Mon_yy__hh_mm_ffffff.txt和Norimaci_dd_Mon_yy__hh_mm_ffffff_timeline.csv； 7、确认报告可用；

脚本帮助信息

norimaci.py

$ python3 ./norimaci.py -h


--===[ Norimaci v0.1.0
--===[ Minoru Kobayashi [@unkn0wnbit]
usage: norimaci.py [-h] [-m MONITOR] [-j JSON] [-bl OPENBSM_LOG] [-p PROCLIST]
                   [-ml MONITORAPP_LOG] [-o OUTPUT] [--force] [--debug]


Light weight sandbox which works with OpenBSM or Fireeye's Monitor.app


optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -m MONITOR, --monitor MONITOR
                        Specify a program to monitor macOS activity. You can
                        choose 'openbsm' or 'monitorapp'.
  -j JSON, --json JSON  Path to a JSON file which is converted by
                        'openbsmconv.py' or 'monitorappconv.py'.
  -bl OPENBSM_LOG, --openbsm-log OPENBSM_LOG
                        Path to an OpenBSM log file.
  -p PROCLIST, --proclist PROCLIST
                        Path to a process list file to process OpenBSM log
                        file. A file which has ".proclist" extnsion would be
                        used, if this option is not specified.
  -ml MONITORAPP_LOG, --monitorapp-log MONITORAPP_LOG
                        Path to a Monitor.app data file.
  -o OUTPUT, --output OUTPUT
                        Path to an output directory.
  --force               Enable to overwrite output files.
  --debug               Enable debug mode.

openbsmconv.py

$ python3 ./openbsmconv.py -h
usage: openbsmconv.py [-h] [-f FILE] [-p PROCLIST] [-o OUT] [-c] [-rp]
                      [--with-failure] [--with-failure-socket] [--force]
                      [--debug]


Converts OpenBSM log file to JSON format.


optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -f FILE, --file FILE  Path to a bsm log file
  -p PROCLIST, --proclist PROCLIST
                        Path to a process list file
  -o OUT, --out OUT     Path to an output file
  -c, --console         Output JSON data to stdout.
  -rp, --use-running-proclist
                        Use current running process list instead of a existing
                        process list file. And, the process list is saved to a
                        file which places in the same directory of '--file' or
                        to a file which specified '--proclist'.
  --with-failure        Output records which has a failure status too.
  --with-failure-socket
                        Output records which has a failure status too (related
                        socket() syscall only).
  --force               Enable to overwrite an existing output file.
  --debug               Enable debug mode.

monitorappconv.py

$ python3 ./monitorappconv.py -h
usage: monitorappconv.py [-h] [-f FILE] [-o OUT] [-c] [--force] [--debug]


Parses data of Fireeye Monitor.app and converts it to JSON format. Please note
that strings in JSON data are saved as UTF-8.


optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -f FILE, --file FILE  Path to a saved data of Monitor.app.
  -o OUT, --out OUT     Path to an output file.
  -c, --console         Output JSON data to stdout.
  --force               Enable to overwrite an output file.
  --debug               Enable debug mode.