智能合约中approve函数详解

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);


    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

contract BEP20Token is Context, IERC20, Ownable {
  using SafeMath for uint256;

  mapping (address => uint256) private _balances;

  mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) private _allowances;

  uint256 private _totalSupply;
  uint8 private _decimals;
  string private _symbol;
  string private _name;

  constructor() public {
    _name = " ";
    _symbol =" "  ;
    _decimals = 18;
    _totalSupply = 10000000 *10**18;
    _balances[msg.sender] = _totalSupply;

    emit Transfer(address(0), msg.sender, _totalSupply);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the bep token owner.
   */
  function getOwner() external view returns (address) {
    return owner();
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the token decimals.
   */
  function decimals() external view returns (uint8) {
    return _decimals;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the token symbol.
   */
  function symbol() external view returns (string memory) {
    return _symbol;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Returns the token name.
  */
  function name() external view returns (string memory) {
    return _name;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {BEP20-totalSupply}.
   */
  function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256) {
    return _totalSupply;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {BEP20-balanceOf}.
   */
  function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256) {
    return _balances[account];
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {BEP20-transfer}.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
   * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
   */
  function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool) {
    _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {BEP20-allowance}.
   */
  function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256) {
    return _allowances[owner][spender];
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {BEP20-approve}.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
   */
  function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool) {
    _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount);
    return true;
  }

  
 
  /**
   * @dev See {BEP20-transferFrom}.
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
   * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {BEP20};
   *
   * Requirements:
   * - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
   * - the caller must have allowance for `sender`'s tokens of at least
   * `amount`.
   */
  function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool) {
    _transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
    _approve(sender, _msgSender(), _allowances[sender][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "BEP20: transfer amount exceeds allowance"));
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
   *
   * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
   * problems described in {BEP20-approve}.
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
   */
  function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public returns (bool) {
    _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].add(addedValue));
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
   *
   * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
   * problems described in {BEP20-approve}.
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
   * `subtractedValue`.
   */
  function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public returns (bool) {
    _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].sub(subtractedValue, "BEP20: decreased allowance below zero"));
    return true;
  }
 

  /**
   * @dev Moves tokens `amount` from `sender` to `recipient`.
   *
   * This is internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
   * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
   */
  function _transfer(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
    require(sender != address(0), "BEP20: transfer from the zero address");
    require(recipient != address(0), "BEP20: transfer to the zero address");

    _balances[sender] = _balances[sender].sub(amount, "BEP20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
    _balances[recipient] = _balances[recipient].add(amount);
    emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
  }

 
  /**
   * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
   * total supply.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
   *
   * Requirements
   *
   * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
   */
  function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
    require(account != address(0), "BEP20: burn from the zero address");

    _balances[account] = _balances[account].sub(amount, "BEP20: burn amount exceeds balance");
    _totalSupply = _totalSupply.sub(amount);
    emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`s tokens.
   *
   * This is internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
   * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
   */
  function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal {
    require(owner != address(0), "BEP20: approve from the zero address");
    require(spender != address(0), "BEP20: approve to the zero address");

    _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
    emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`.`amount` is then deducted
   * from the caller's allowance.
   *
   * See {_burn} and {_approve}.
   */
  function _burnFrom(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
    _burn(account, amount);
    _approve(account, _msgSender(), _allowances[account][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "BEP20: burn amount exceeds allowance"));
  }
}

    function test() public    {
          toekn.approve(  address(this), 10000000000000000000);
        
    }

  function approve(address sendr,address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool) {
    _approve(sendr, spender, amount);
    return true;
  }

contract ArrayDeletionByMovingElements {
    IERC20 public toekn;

    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    constructor(IERC20 _token) {
        toekn = _token;
    }

    function test() public    {
          toekn.approve( msg.sender,address(this), 10000000000000000000);
        
    }

    function test2() public {
         toekn.transferFrom(msg.sender,  address(this), 1000);
         emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), 1000);
    }
}