带有错误代码和错误消息的自定义Python异常
带有错误代码和错误消息的自定义Python异常
提问于 2011-05-30 11:41:59
class AppError(Exception):
pass
class MissingInputError(AppError):
pass
class ValidationError(AppError):
pass..。
def validate(self):
""" Validate Input and save it """
params = self.__params
if 'key' in params:
self.__validateKey(escape(params['key'][0]))
else:
raise MissingInputError
if 'svc' in params:
self.__validateService(escape(params['svc'][0]))
else:
raise MissingInputError
if 'dt' in params:
self.__validateDate(escape(params['dt'][0]))
else:
raise MissingInputError
def __validateMulti(self, m):
""" Validate Multiple Days Request"""
if m not in Input.__validDays:
raise ValidationError
self.__dCast = int(m)input ()和__validateMulti()是验证和存储传递的输入参数的类的方法。正如代码中所显示的那样，当某些输入参数丢失或某些验证失败时，我会引发一些自定义异常。
我想定义一些特定于我的应用程序的自定义错误代码和错误消息，
错误1100：“找不到键参数。请验证输入。”
错误1101：“找不到日期参数。请验证您的输入”
..。
错误2100：“多个Day参数无效。接受值为2、5和7。”
并向用户报告同样的情况。
如何在自定义exceptions?
- How中定义这些错误代码和错误消息?我是否以知道要显示的错误代码/消息的方式引发/捕获异常？
(P.S:这是用于Python2.4.3)。
Bastienéonard在这个SO comment中提到，不需要总是定义新的__init__或__str__；默认情况下，参数将放在self.args中，并由__str__打印。
因此，我更喜欢的解决办法是：
class AppError(Exception): pass
class MissingInputError(AppError):
# define the error codes & messages here
em = {1101: "Some error here. Please verify.", \
1102: "Another here. Please verify.", \
1103: "One more here. Please verify.", \
1104: "That was idiotic. Please verify."}用法：
try:
# do something here that calls
# raise MissingInputError(1101)
except MissingInputError, e
print "%d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.em[e.args[0]])回答 2
Stack Overflow用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2011-05-30 11:47:59
下面是一个带有特殊代码的自定义Exception类的快速示例：
class ErrorWithCode(Exception):
def __init__(self, code):
self.code = code
def __str__(self):
return repr(self.code)
try:
raise ErrorWithCode(1000)
except ErrorWithCode as e:
print("Received error with code:", e.code)既然你在问如何使用args，这里还有另外一个例子.
class ErrorWithArgs(Exception):
def __init__(self, *args):
# *args is used to get a list of the parameters passed in
self.args = [a for a in args]
try:
raise ErrorWithArgs(1, "text", "some more text")
except ErrorWithArgs as e:
print("%d: %s - %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1], e.args[2]))Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2018-05-09 04:29:35
这是我创建的一个使用预定义错误代码的自定义异常的示例：
class CustomError(Exception):
"""
Custom Exception
"""
def __init__(self, error_code, message='', *args, **kwargs):
# Raise a separate exception in case the error code passed isn't specified in the ErrorCodes enum
if not isinstance(error_code, ErrorCodes):
msg = 'Error code passed in the error_code param must be of type {0}'
raise CustomError(ErrorCodes.ERR_INCORRECT_ERRCODE, msg, ErrorCodes.__class__.__name__)
# Storing the error code on the exception object
self.error_code = error_code
# storing the traceback which provides useful information about where the exception occurred
self.traceback = sys.exc_info()
# Prefixing the error code to the exception message
try:
msg = '[{0}] {1}'.format(error_code.name, message.format(*args, **kwargs))
except (IndexError, KeyError):
msg = '[{0}] {1}'.format(error_code.name, message)
super().__init__(msg)
# Error codes for all module exceptions
@unique
class ErrorCodes(Enum):
ERR_INCORRECT_ERRCODE = auto() # error code passed is not specified in enum ErrorCodes
ERR_SITUATION_1 = auto() # description of situation 1
ERR_SITUATION_2 = auto() # description of situation 2
ERR_SITUATION_3 = auto() # description of situation 3
ERR_SITUATION_4 = auto() # description of situation 4
ERR_SITUATION_5 = auto() # description of situation 5
ERR_SITUATION_6 = auto() # description of situation 6枚举ErrorCodes用于定义错误代码。异常的创建方式使传递的错误代码以异常消息为前缀。
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原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6180185
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