多索引Pandas Dataframe中2列的差异

import pandas as pd

# 创建一个多索引DataFrame
data = {'A': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
        'B': [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]}
index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('x', 'a'), ('x', 'b'), ('y', 'a'), ('y', 'b'), ('z', 'a')], names=['Index1', 'Index2'])
df = pd.DataFrame(data, index=index)

# 计算两列之间的差异
diff_df = df['A'].diff()

print(diff_df)

Index1  Index2
x       a        NaN
        b        1.0
y       a        1.0
        b        1.0
z       a        1.0
Name: A, dtype: float64