如何解决ruby中返回的对象类型不匹配的问题？

def process_data(data)
  if data.is_a?(String)
    puts "Processing string: #{data}"
  elsif data.is_a?(Integer)
    puts "Processing integer: #{data}"
  else
    raise ArgumentError, "Unsupported type: #{data.class}"
  end
end

process_data("Hello")  # 输出: Processing string: Hello
process_data(123)      # 输出: Processing integer: 123
process_data(123.45)   # 抛出异常: Unsupported type: Float

def call_method(obj, method_name)
  if obj.respond_to?(method_name)
    obj.send(method_name)
  else
    raise NoMethodError, "Object does not respond to #{method_name}"
  end
end

class Example
  def greet
    puts "Hello!"
  end
end

example = Example.new
call_method(example, :greet)  # 输出: Hello!
call_method(example, :unknown)  # 抛出异常: Object does not respond to unknown

def convert_to_integer(value)
  begin
    Integer(value)
  rescue ArgumentError
    raise ArgumentError, "Cannot convert #{value} to integer"
  end
end

puts convert_to_integer("123")  # 输出: 123
puts convert_to_integer("abc")  # 抛出异常: Cannot convert abc to integer

require 'dry-types'

Types = Dry::Types.module do
  Primitive = Types::Strict::String | Types::Strict::Integer
end

def process_data(data)
  Types::Primitive[data]
  puts "Processing data: #{data}"
rescue Dry::Types::ConstraintError => e
  puts "Type error: #{e.message}"
end

process_data("Hello")  # 输出: Processing data: Hello
process_data(123)      # 输出: Processing data: 123
process_data(123.45)   # 输出: Type error: Float does not satisfy String | Integer