东契奇到底有多棒？
浏览kaggle的时候发现了一个非常有意思的案例 How good is Kuka Doncic? (东契奇到底有多棒？)；原文地址 https://www.kaggle.com/xvivancos/how-good-is-luka-doncic。主要内容是通过可视化的手段展示东契奇的职业生涯开始到现在的数据。分析过程使用了R语言的tidyverse,ggplot2和ggpubr包。这对于喜欢篮球和正在学习R语言的自己来说是绝佳的学习素材，以下内容记录自己重复这篇kaggle案例的过程
东契奇是谁?
19岁的斯洛文尼亚帅小伙，2018-19赛季NBA探花秀；加入NBA之前已经名满天下：8岁在五线队打了一个小时就让教练给送11岁年龄组；13岁签约皇马；16岁打成年人职业队；17岁名满欧洲；18岁率领斯洛文尼亚夺取欧洲冠军；19岁包揽欧洲所有团队、个人荣誉；（以上内容摘自杨毅侃球公众号）。我们再来看看加入NBA以后取得的成就：NBA历史上最年轻的30+三双（triple-double）获得者；First teenagert in NBA history with multiple triple-doubles(这句话没有想好怎么翻译)；第七个20岁之前拿到1000分的运动员，排在他之前的是谁：詹姆斯、杜兰特、安东尼、科比、德文布克、霍华德（were the previous one）;菜鸟（rookie）赛季全明星票选总得票数排名第三，稍微有点遗憾的是因为球迷、媒体、球员投票占比问题没有能够入选全明星。
NBA众位大佬对东契奇的评价
国家队队友，热火队后卫德拉季奇（Goran Dragic）
He's a born winner. No, I'm not kidding, he already has a lot of trophies, and medals. I'm happy fo him. Mark my words, he's going to be one of the best in the whole world. 他生而为赢，我没有开玩笑，他已经拿了无数的奖杯奖章（trophies and medals）。我为他感到高兴，记住我的话，他将会成为世界上最好的球员之一。
小牛队队友诺维茨基（Dirk Nowitzki）
He's an incredible talent. His court vision and passing for his size at his age is something I've never seen in my 20 years. 惊人的天赋，他的球场视野和传球在我20年的生涯中前所未见
勇士球星凯文杜兰特（Kevin Durant）
I like him a lot. He's polished. He's skilled. You can tell that he played professional basketball already and they've got a great guy in him to lead this franchise in the future.
小牛队主教练卡莱尔（Rick Carlisle）
For a 19-year-old, he's got a realy unusual comnination of size, speed, and deceptive quickness.
勇士球星库里（Stephen Curry）
He's a rookie, but he's found a way to impose his will most nights, and it's going to be good to see him develop in this league and a star.
那么问题来了--东契奇的上限在哪里呢？（the question is: What is the celling for Luka Doncic?）
接下来就来看一下东契奇职业生涯（professional career）至今的数据
2015-2018年皇家马德里（Real Madrid）
2012年9月（In September 2012）13岁的东契奇和皇马签了五年合同（signed a five-year contract with Real Madrid）,然而到2015年才开始打职业联赛（However, he didn't play professionally until 2015）下面主要分析东契奇作为皇马球员在联赛（Liga ACB）和欧冠（EuroLeague）中的表现；The Liga ACB is the top professional basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system；这里的division是部门的意思 2015年4月30号（On April 30, 2015），东契奇职业生涯首秀（made his professional debut for Real Madrid）,这一年他16岁两个月零2天。
首先是一些比较重要的指标：得分、助攻、篮板
##2019年2月14号
install.packages("tidyverse")
library(tidyverse)
library(ggpubr)
library(ggplot2)
setwd("../Desktop/data_analysis_practice/Lork/")
ACBstats <- read.csv("Liga ACB stats.csv", sep=",", fileEncoding="UTF-8")
colnames(ACBstats)[c(5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19)] <- c("Regular Season/Playoffs", "FG%", "3P", "3PA", "3P%", "2P", "2PA", "2P%", "FT%")
ACBstats %>%
rename(Assists=AST,
Points=PTS,
Rebounds=TRB) %>%
gather(Category, Value, c(22, 23, 28)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x=Season, y=Value, color=`Regular Season/Playoffs`, group=`Regular Season/Playoffs`)) +
geom_line() +
geom_point(size=2) +
facet_wrap(~Category, scales="free") +
theme_bw() +
labs(title="Luka Doncic stats - Liga ACB",
subtitle="Assists, Points and Rebounds") +
theme(axis.text.x=element_text(angle=45, hjust=1),
legend.position="bottom",
legend.title=element_blank(),
axis.title.y=element_blank())
由上图可以看出，东契奇的这三项数据逐年稳定上升，季后赛表现稍逊于常规赛
接下来看命中率
ACBstats %>%
gather(Category, Value, c(13, 16, 19)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x=Season, y=Value, color=`Regular Season/Playoffs`, group=`Regular Season/Playoffs`)) +
geom_line() +
geom_point(size=2) +
facet_wrap(~Category, scales="free") +
theme_bw() +
labs(title="Luka Doncic stats - Liga ACB",
subtitle="2P%, 3P% and FT%") +
scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::percent) +
theme(axis.text.x=element_text(angle=45, hjust=1),
legend.position="bottom",
legend.title=element_blank(),
axis.title.y=element_blank())
命中率好像不太稳定
接着是得分、助攻、篮板的场次分布
ACBmatches <- read.csv("Liga ACB matches.csv", sep=",", fileEncoding="UTF-8")
colnames(ACBmatches)[c(7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17)] <- c("Result", "FG%", "3P",
"3PA", "3P%", "FT%")
ACBmatches %>%
rename(Assists=AST,
Points=PTS,
Rebounds=TRB) %>%
gather(Category, Value, c(20, 21, 26)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x=Value, fill=Category)) +
geom_histogram(stat="count", show.legend=FALSE) +
facet_wrap(~Category, scales="free") +
theme_bw() +
labs(title="Luka Doncic stats - Liga ACB",
subtitle="Assists, Points and Rebounds (2015-2018)",
y="Count") +
theme(axis.title.x=element_blank())
那么问题又来了，哪支球队是东契奇最喜欢的对手，在哪支球队头上拿到的分数最多？
ACBmatches %>%
group_by(Opponent) %>%
summarise(Points=sum(PTS)) %>%
arrange(desc(Points)) %>%
head(n=10) %>%
ggplot(aes(x=reorder(Opponent, -Points), y=Points)) +
geom_bar(aes(fill=Points), stat="identity", show.legend=FALSE) +
geom_label(aes(label=Points)) +
scale_fill_gradient(low="paleturquoise", high="paleturquoise4") +
labs(title="Luka Doncic stats - Liga ACB",
subtitle="He has scored more points against...",
x="Team") +
theme_bw() +
theme(axis.text.x=element_text(angle=45, hjust=1))