基于redisson实现注解式分布式锁

叔牙

发布于 2023-08-09 15:08:53

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发布于 2023-08-09 15:08:53

文章被收录于专栏：一个执拗的后端搬砖工

一、背景二、写成starter复用三、使用

一、背景

基于redisson的分布式锁实现,我们可以比较容易的控制竞态资源的分布式并发控制,但是使用的时候会出现很多重复的try-catch-finally代码块,获取锁、加锁和释放锁等,用法大致如下:

RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("lock_name");
try {
    if(lock.tryLock(5,10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
        //do something
    }
} catch (Exception e) {
    log.error("occur error",e);
} finally {
    if (lock.isLocked() && lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {
        lock.unlock();
    } 
}

写代码讲究一个优雅和高效,作为一个有追求的程序员,项目中出现大面积重复性的手动加锁解锁以及try-catch-finally代码块是不能接受的。

从锁使用方式中,我们可以抽象出通用的部分,try-catch-finally代码块,以及获取锁、加锁和解锁逻辑,那么有没有一种方式把这些逻辑抽取到一个地方管理,然后在需要使用锁的地方,通过简单的方式引入加锁解锁逻辑?

答案是可以的,我们可以结合自定义注解和切面,把加锁逻辑封装起来,然后拦截使用了解锁注解的方法,把加锁解锁逻辑织入进去就可以了。

二、写成starter复用

新建一个starter工程,把加锁逻辑封装到切面,然后通过注解的方式提供给业务使用。

1.引入依赖

引入redis和redisson相关依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
    <artifactId>redisson-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.定义分布式锁注解

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface XLock {


    String key() default "";


    @AliasFor("key")
    String value() default "";


    long waitTime() default 5;


    long leaseTime() default 30;


    TimeUnit unit() default  TimeUnit.SECONDS;
}

定义加锁的key,等待时间,锁释放时间和时间单位。

3.定义分布式锁属性

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "redisson.redis")
@Data
public class RedissonProperties {


    private String port;
    private String password;
    private int database = 0;
    /**
     * redis服务端类型
     * @see ServerType
     */
    private Integer serverType;


    private SingleServer singleServer;


    private ClusterServers clusterServers;


    private MasterSlaveServers masterSlaveServers;


    private ReplicatedServers replicatedServers;


    private SentinelServers sentinelServers;


    @Data
    public static class SingleServer {


        private String host;
    }
    @Data
    public static class ClusterServers {


        private String hosts;//多个用逗号隔开
    }
    @Data
    public static class MasterSlaveServers {
        private String masterHost;


        private String slaveHosts;//多个用逗号隔开
    }
    @Data
    public static class ReplicatedServers {
        private String hosts;
    }
    @Data
    public static class SentinelServers {
        private String masterName;


        private String hosts;
    }
}

包含了端口,密码，默认数据库,以及redis server各种模式的支持。

在使用的时候需要在配置文件中添加如下类似的配置:

redisson:
  redis:
    port: 6379
    password: xxxxxx
    database: 0
    serverType: 1 #2,3,4,5
    singleServer:
      host: 127.0.0.1
    clusterServers:
      hosts: 192.168.0.1,192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3
    masterSlaveServers:
      masterHost: 127.0.0.1
      slaveHosts: 192.168.0.1,192.168.0.2
    replicatedServers:
      hosts: 192.168.0.1,192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3
    sentinelServers:
      masterName: masterNode
      hosts: 192.168.0.1,192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3

4.编写切面逻辑

@Slf4j
@Aspect
@Order(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 1)
public class XLockInterceptor {
    @Autowired
    private RedissonClient redissonClient;
    private ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();


    private LocalVariableTableParameterNameDiscoverer discoverer = new LocalVariableTableParameterNameDiscoverer();


    @Around("@annotation(lock.starter.annotation.XLock)")
    public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
        Object object = null;
        MethodSignature joinPointObject = (MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature();
        Method method = joinPointObject.getMethod();
        XLock xlock = method.getAnnotation(XLock.class);
        if(null == xlock) {
            return pjp.proceed();
        }
        Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();
        String[] params = discoverer.getParameterNames(method);
        EvaluationContext context = new StandardEvaluationContext();
        for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
            context.setVariable(params[i],args[i]);
        }
        String keySpel = xlock.key();
        Expression keyExpression = parser.parseExpression(keySpel);
        String key = keyExpression.getValue(context,String.class);
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(key);
        long waitTime = xlock.waitTime();
        long leaseTime = xlock.leaseTime();
        TimeUnit unit = xlock.unit();
        try {
            if(lock.tryLock(waitTime,leaseTime,unit)) {
                object = pjp.proceed();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            //锁被持有,并且被当前线程持有
            if (lock.isLocked() && lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
        return object;
    }
}

切面逻辑使用around拦截模式,解析使用了@XLock注解的方法,然后织入加锁解锁逻辑。并且支持key使用Spel表达式。

5.定义自动注入配置

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({RedissonClient.class, RedissonLock.class})
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RedissonProperties.class)
@Slf4j
public class XLockAutoConfiguration {
    private RedissonProperties redissonProperties;
    public XLockAutoConfiguration(RedissonProperties redissonProperties) {
        this.redissonProperties = redissonProperties;
    }
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(RedissonClient.class)
    public RedissonClient redisson() {
        String password = this.redissonProperties.getPassword();
        String port = this.redissonProperties.getPort();
        int database = this.redissonProperties.getDatabase();
        ServerType serverType = ServerType.of(this.redissonProperties.getServerType());
        if(null == serverType) {
            throw new RuntimeException("server type not support;serverType=" + this.redissonProperties.getServerType());
        }
        Config config = new Config();
        if(ServerType.SINGLE_SERVER.equals(serverType)) {
            String address = "redis://" + redissonProperties.getSingleServer().getHost() + ":" + port;
            SingleServerConfig singleServerConfig = config.useSingleServer()
                    .setAddress(address)
                    .setDatabase(database);
            if(null != password) {
                singleServerConfig.setPassword(password);
            }
        } else if(ServerType.CLUSTER_SERVERS.equals(serverType)) {
            ClusterServersConfig clusterServersConfig = config.useClusterServers();
            String hosts = redissonProperties.getClusterServers().getHosts();
            for (String host : hosts.split(",")) {
                clusterServersConfig.addNodeAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port);
            }
            if(null != password) {
                clusterServersConfig.setPassword(password);
            }
        } else if (ServerType.MASTER_SLAVE_SERVERS.equals(serverType)) {
            MasterSlaveServersConfig masterSlaveServersConfig = config.useMasterSlaveServers()
                    .setDatabase(database);
            masterSlaveServersConfig.setMasterAddress("redis://" + redissonProperties.getMasterSlaveServers().getMasterHost() + ":" + port);
            for (String slaveHost : redissonProperties.getMasterSlaveServers().getSlaveHosts().split(",")) {
                masterSlaveServersConfig.addSlaveAddress("redis://" + slaveHost + ":" + port);
            }
            if(null != password) {
                masterSlaveServersConfig.setPassword(password);
            }
        } else if (ServerType.REPLICATED_SERVERS.equals(serverType)) {
            ReplicatedServersConfig replicatedServersConfig = config.useReplicatedServers()
                    .setDatabase(database);
            for (String host : this.redissonProperties.getReplicatedServers().getHosts().split(",")) {
                replicatedServersConfig.addNodeAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port);
            }
            if(null != password) {
                replicatedServersConfig.setPassword(password);
            }
        } else if (ServerType.SENTINEL_SERVERS.equals(serverType)) {
            SentinelServersConfig sentinelServersConfig = config.useSentinelServers()
                    .setDatabase(database)
                    .setMasterName(this.redissonProperties.getSentinelServers().getMasterName());
            for (String host : this.redissonProperties.getSentinelServers().getHosts().split(",")) {
                sentinelServersConfig.addSentinelAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port);
            }
            if(null != password) {
                sentinelServersConfig.setPassword(password);
            }
        }
        return Redisson.create(config);
    }


    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnBean(RedissonClient.class)
    public XLockInterceptor xLockInterceptor() {
        return new XLockInterceptor();
    }
}

在用户项目中如果没有定义或者注入RedissonClient,那么通过starter注入RedissonClient,并且支持singleServer、clusterServers、masterSlave、replicatedServer和sentinelServer等模式。

并通过@Bean方式注入暴露锁切面。

6.自动配置

在starter工程的META-INF/spring.factories中定义自动配置:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
lock.starter.config.XLockAutoConfiguration

基于spring的SPI模式在项目启动时自动加载starter的分布式锁相关配置,开启分布式锁能力。

然后打成jar包到仓库,业务项目就可以pom依赖引入,使用分布式锁相关能力了。

三、使用

业务项目中使用分布式锁starter的能力比较简单,引入依赖并定义相关配置即可。

1.引入分布式锁starter

<dependency>
    <groupId>xxx.xxx</groupId>
    <artifactId>xlock-redisson-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.添加配置

在项目中添加分布式锁所需的配置,以singleServer模式为例:

redisson:
  redis:
    port: 6379
    password: xxxxxx
    database: 0
    serverType: 1 #2,3,4,5
    singleServer:
      host: 127.0.0.1

3.使用分布式锁

在需要加锁的方法上添加@XLock注解,并填入加锁相关的属性即可.

    @XLock(key = "mylock + #uid",waitTime = 5,leaseTime = 10,unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    public void doSomething(String uid) {
        //do some business...
    }

这样就实现了基于redisson封装注解式分布式锁的使用。

本文参与腾讯云自媒体同步曝光计划，分享自微信公众号。

原始发表：2023-07-15，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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