Python入门教程（八）

#This is a guess the number game.

import random

secretnumber=random.randint(1,20)

print('I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20. ')

#Ask the player to guess 6 times.

for guesstaken in range(1,7):

print('Take a guess.')

guess=int(input())

if guess

print('Your guess is too low.')

elif guess>secretnumber:

print('Your guess is too high.')

else:

break

if guess==secretnumber:

print('Good job!You guessed my number in '+str(guesstaken)+' guesses!')

else:

print('Nope.The number I was thinking of was '+str(secretnumber))

逐行解释：

1.

#This is a guess the number game.

import random

secretnumber=random.randint(1,20)

首行是注释语句。引用random函数库，将1到20内产生的一个随机数赋值给secretnumber。

2.

print('I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20. ')

在电脑屏幕上打印出print内部的一句话。（I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.）

3.

for guesstaken in range(1,7):

这里是一个for循环，guesstaken分别取1,2,3,4,5,6这几个数，以此进入循环，若循环进行至6运行完毕之后，则循环结束。

4.

print('Take a guess.')

guess=int(input())

首先在屏幕上打印出‘Take a guess’提示用户输入数字，运用int函数将字符串数据类型转换为整型。

5.

if guess

print('Your guess is too low.')

elif guess>secretnumber:

print('Your guess is too high.')

else:

break

当guesstaken在（1,6）的范围内，这里是一个if的条件判断语句，输入的guess和secertnumber对它们的大小关系进行判断，如果输入的数字小于我们在设定的值，屏幕上提示，猜的数字太小了。如果输入的数字大于我们设定的值，屏幕上提示，猜的数字太大了。如果猜的数字恰好等于我们猜的数字，则退出循环。

6.

if guess==secretnumber:

print('Good job!You guessed my number in '+str(guesstaken)+' guesses!')

else:

print('Nope.The number I was thinking of was '+str(secretnumber))

这里是一个if-else条件判断，只有当guesstaken在1-6内数字区完或者猜的数字和我们设定的数字相等时才执行这个if-else条件判断句。