如何在 MySQL 中判断中文字符？
原文出处： 温国兵
一 引子
在生产环境中，经常会有这样的场景：获得中文数据。那问题就来了，怎么才能匹配出中文字符呢？
本文提供两种方法。
二 演示
2.1 环境
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "%version%";
+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| protocol_version | 10 |
| version | 5.1.73 |
| version_comment | MySQL Community Server (GPL) |
| version_compile_machine | i386 |
| version_compile_os | apple-darwin10.3.0 |
+-------------------------+------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2.2 创建测试表和插入测试数据
mysql -S /tmp/mysql_5173.sock -uroot -proot
创建测试表和插入测试数据。
mysql> USE test;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE user
-> (name VARCHAR(20)
-> ) DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 ENGINE = INNODB;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE 'user' G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Name: user
Engine: InnoDB
Version: 10
Row_format: Compact
Rows: 2
Avg_row_length: 8192
Data_length: 16384
Max_data_length: 0
Index_length: 0
Data_free: 0
Auto_increment: NULL
Create_time: 2015-01-16 18:01:36
Update_time: NULL
Check_time: NULL
Collation: utf8_general_ci
Checksum: NULL
Create_options:
Comment:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> INSERT INTO user VALUES('robin');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO user VALUES('温国兵');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
三 实现
3.1 方法一 正则表达式
mysql> SELECT * FROM user G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
name: robin
*************************** 2. row ***************************
name: 温国兵
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT name,
-> CASE name REGEXP "[u0391-uFFE5]"
-> WHEN 1 THEN "不是中文字符"
-> ELSE "是中文字符"
-> END AS "判断是否是中文字符"
-> FROM user;
+-----------+-----------------------------+
| name | 判断是否是中文字符 |
+-----------+-----------------------------+
| robin | 不是中文字符 |
| 温国兵 | 是中文字符 |
+-----------+-----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT name FROM user WHERE NOT (name REGEXP "[u0391-uFFE5]");
+-----------+
| name |
+-----------+
| 温国兵 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3.2 方法二 length() 和 char_length()
mysql> SELECT name, length(name), char_length(name) FROM user;
+-----------+--------------+-------------------+
| name | length(name) | char_length(name) |
+-----------+--------------+-------------------+
| robin | 5 | 5 |
| 温国兵 | 20 | 9 |
+-----------+--------------+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT name FROM user WHERE length(name) char_length(name);
+-----------+
| name |
+-----------+
| 温国兵 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)