typescript[0x01]--基础数据类型

npm i typescript -g

C:\Users\ataola>tsc --help
Version 3.5.3
Syntax:   tsc [options] [file...]

Examples: tsc hello.ts
          tsc --outFile file.js file.ts
          tsc @args.txt
          tsc --build tsconfig.json

Options:
 -h, --help                                         Print this message.
 -w, --watch                                        Watch input files.
 --pretty                                           Stylize errors and messages using color and context (experimental).
 --all                                              Show all compiler options.
 -v, --version                                      Print the compiler's version.
 --init                                             Initializes a TypeScript project and creates a tsconfig.json file.
 -p FILE OR DIRECTORY, --project FILE OR DIRECTORY  Compile the project given the path to its configuration file, or to a folder with a 'tsconfig.json'.
 -b, --build                                        Build one or more projects and their dependencies, if out of date
 -t VERSION, --target VERSION                       Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017', 'ES2018', 'ES2019' or 'ESNEXT'.
 -m KIND, --module KIND                             Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', or 'ESNext'.
 --lib                                              Specify library files to be included in the compilation.
                                                      'es5' 'es6' 'es2015' 'es7' 'es2016' 'es2017' 'es2018' 'es2019' 'es2020' 'esnext' 'dom' 'dom.iterable' 'webworker' 'webworker.importscripts' 'scripthost' 'es2015.core' 'es2015.collection' 'es2015.generator' 'es2015.iterable' 'es2015.promise' 'es2015.proxy' 'es2015.reflect' 'es2015.symbol' 'es2015.symbol.wellknown' 'es2016.array.include' 'es2017.object' 'es2017.sharedmemory' 'es2017.string' 'es2017.intl' 'es2017.typedarrays' 'es2018.asynciterable' 'es2018.intl' 'es2018.promise' 'es2018.regexp' 'es2019.array' 'es2019.object' 'es2019.string' 'es2019.symbol' 'es2020.string' 'es2020.symbol.wellknown' 'esnext.array' 'esnext.symbol' 'esnext.asynciterable' 'esnext.intl' 'esnext.bigint'
 --allowJs                                          Allow javascript files to be compiled.
 --jsx KIND                                         Specify JSX code generation: 'preserve', 'react-native', or 'react'. -d, --declaration                                  Generates corresponding '.d.ts' file.
 --declarationMap                                   Generates a sourcemap for each corresponding '.d.ts' file.
 --sourceMap                                        Generates corresponding '.map' file.
 --outFile FILE                                     Concatenate and emit output to single file.
 --outDir DIRECTORY                                 Redirect output structure to the directory.
 --removeComments                                   Do not emit comments to output.
 --noEmit                                           Do not emit outputs.
 --strict                                           Enable all strict type-checking options.
 --noImplicitAny                                    Raise error on expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type.
 --strictNullChecks                                 Enable strict null checks.
 --strictFunctionTypes                              Enable strict checking of function types.
 --strictBindCallApply                              Enable strict 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods on functions.
 --strictPropertyInitialization                     Enable strict checking of property initialization in classes.
 --noImplicitThis                                   Raise error on 'this' expressions with an implied 'any' type.
 --alwaysStrict                                     Parse in strict mode and emit "use strict" for each source file.
 --noUnusedLocals                                   Report errors on unused locals.
 --noUnusedParameters                               Report errors on unused parameters.
 --noImplicitReturns                                Report error when not all code paths in function return a value.
 --noFallthroughCasesInSwitch                       Report errors for fallthrough cases in switch statement.
 --types                                            Type declaration files to be included in compilation.
 --esModuleInterop                                  Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'.
 @<file>                                            Insert command line options and files from a file.

C:\Users\ataola>

tsc --init 
message TS6071: Successfully created a tsconfig.json file.

tsc -p ./tsconfig.json

var flag:boolean = false;
console.log(!flag);  //true

// 二进制
let binaryLiteral: number = 0b001001100101;

//八进制
let octalLiteral: number = 0o1145;

//十进制
let decLiteral: number = 613;

//十六进制
let hexLiterral: number = 0x265;

console.log("二进制数：", binaryLiteral);

console.log("八进制数：", octalLiteral);

console.log("十进制数：", decLiteral);

console.log("十六进制数：", hexLiterral);

let user1_name: string = "ataola";

let user2_name: string = '阿涛啦';

let user3_name: string = `Eason Zheng`;

let user3_age : number = 23;

let bio = `Hello Everyone, My name is ${user3_name}, and I 'll be ${user3_age + 1} in next years!`;

console.log("user1_name: ", user1_name);
console.log("user2_name: ", user2_name);
console.log("user3_name: ", user3_name);
console.log("bio: ", bio);

let num_arr1: number[] = [1, 9, 9, 7, 0, 6, 1, 3];

let num_arr2: Array<number> = [1, 9, 9, 7, 0, 6, 1, 3];

let str_arr: string[] = ['hong', 'kong', 'is', 'come', 'back', '!'];

console.log("num_arr1: ", num_arr1);

console.log("num_arr2: ", num_arr2);

console.log("str_arr: ", str_arr);

let tuple1_right: [string, number];
tuple1_right = ['ataola', 23];

console.log("tuple1_right: ", tuple1_right);

enum Color{RED, GREEN, BLUE = 613};
let c: Color = Color.BLUE;
let cName: string = Color[613];
console.log("c: ", c);
console.log("cName: ", cName);

const enum Directions {
    Up,
    Down,
    Left,
    Right
};

let directions: number[] = [Directions.Up, Directions.Down, Directions.Left, Directions.Right];
console.log("directions: ", directions);

let unknow: any = 613;
    console.log("number unknow: ", unknow);
    unknow = 'Hello, World!';
    console.log("string unknow: ", unknow);
    unknow = true;
    console.log("boolean unknow: ", unknow);
let unknowArr = ['ataola', 'male', 1997, true];
    console.log("unknowArr: ", unknowArr);

function loginInfo(): void {
    console.log("A client logined!");
}

loginInfo();

let param1: void = undefined;
let param2: void = null;

console.log("param1: ", param1);
console.log("param2: ", param2);

//一个基于Typescript，数字数组索引查找的实现
interface indexOfFunc {
    (arr: number[], num: number): number;
}

let ataolaFI: indexOfFunc;
ataolaFI = function (arr: number[], num: number) {
    for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
        if(arr[i] === num){
            return i;
        }
    }
}
console.log("[1, 2, 4, 3, 5]中4的索引是: ", ataolaFI([1, 2, 4, 3, 5], 4));

1.ts:7:1 - error TS2322: Type '(arr: number[], num: number) => number | undefined' is not assignable to type 'indexOfFunc'.
  Type 'number | undefined' is not assignable to type 'number'.
    Type 'undefined' is not assignable to type 'number'.

7 ataolaFI = function (arr: number[], num: number) {
  ~~~~~~~~


Found 1 error.

//一个基于Typescript，数字数组索引查找的实现
interface indexOfFunc {
    (arr: number[], num: number): number;
}

let ataolaFI: indexOfFunc;
ataolaFI = function (arr: number[], num: number) {
    for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
        if(arr[i] === num){
            return i;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}
console.log("[1, 2, 4, 3, 5]的4的索引是: ", ataolaFI([1, 2, 4, 3, 5], 4));