问使用“未定义的对`boost：：system：：get_system_category()的引用”链接到boost barfs
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Stack Overflow用户

提问于 2010-09-15 07:08:39

回答 1查看 10.2K关注 0票数 12

我在静态链接一个使用boost 1.35库的应用程序时遇到了麻烦。我使用的是和G++ 4.3.2。没有-static的链接可以正常工作。

具体来说，

g++ -Wall -Wextra  -pedantic -ggdb3 -O0  -static -l boost_thread-mt -lboost_system-mt -lboost_program_options-mt -lssl -lpthread -l crypto  main.o comandos.o utils.o tunnel.o opciones.o decode.o sysutils.o -o sapp  

main.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/usr/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:204:undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
/usr/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:205: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_posix_category()'
/usr/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:209: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_posix_category()'
/usr/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:210: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'

我正在链接到boost_system，它在/usr/lib中的框中找到。如果我链接到非多线程安全版本的boost_system (-lboost_system)，也会发生同样的情况。

sarraga@saggy:~/sapp/src$ ls -al /usr/lib/libboost_system*a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23506 2008-05-23 05:32 /usr/lib/libboost_system.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    17 2010-08-26 19:10 /usr/lib/libboost_system-gcc42-1_35.a -> libboost_system.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    20 2010-08-26 19:10 /usr/lib/libboost_system-gcc42-mt-1_35.a -> libboost_system-mt.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23506 2008-05-23 05:32 /usr/lib/libboost_system-mt.a

我在那里找到了未解决的符号

sarraga@saggy:~/sapp/src$ nm -C /usr/lib/libboost_system-mt.a | grep 'T.*get.*category'
00000050 T boost::system::get_posix_category()
000000b0 T boost::system::get_system_category()

一个strace显示链接器打开库。

 sarraga@saggy:~/sapp/src$ strace -f make 2>&1 | grep boost_system
[pid 15016] execve("/usr/bin/g++", ["g++", "-Wall", "-Wextra", "-pedantic", "-ggdb3", "-O0", "-static", "-l", "boost_thread-mt", "-lboost_system-mt", "-lboost_program_options-mt", "-lssl", "-lpthread", "-l", "crypto", "main.o", ...], [/* 41 vars */] <unfinished ...>
...
[pid 15018] open("/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.3.2/../../../../lib/libboost_system-mt.a", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 8

这是debian标准的boost软件包，

sarraga@saggy:~/sapp/src$ dpkg -l | grep boos
ii  libboost-date-time1.35-dev           1.35.0-5                   set of date-time libraries based on generic programming
ii  libboost-date-time1.35.0             1.35.0-5                   set of date-time libraries based on generic programming
ii  libboost-filesystem1.35-dev          1.35.0-5                   filesystem operations (portable paths, iteration over d
ii  libboost-filesystem1.35.0            1.35.0-5                   filesystem operations (portable paths, iteration over d
ii  libboost-graph1.35-dev               1.35.0-5                   generic graph components and algorithms in C++
ii  libboost-graph1.35.0                 1.35.0-5                   generic graph components and algorithms in C++
ii  libboost-iostreams1.35-dev           1.35.0-5                   Boost.Iostreams Library development files
ii  libboost-iostreams1.35.0             1.35.0-5                   Boost.Iostreams Library
ii  libboost-program-options1.35-dev     1.35.0-5                   program options library for C++
ii  libboost-program-options1.35.0       1.35.0-5                   program options library for C++
ii  libboost-python1.35-dev              1.35.0-5                   Boost.Python Library development files
ii  libboost-python1.35.0                1.35.0-5                   Boost.Python Library
ii  libboost-regex1.35-dev               1.35.0-5                   regular expression library for C++
ii  libboost-regex1.35.0                 1.35.0-5                   regular expression library for C++
ii  libboost-serialization1.35-dev       1.35.0-5                   serialization library for C++
ii  libboost-serialization1.35.0         1.35.0-5                   serialization library for C++
ii  libboost-signals1.35-dev             1.35.0-5                   managed signals and slots library for C++
ii  libboost-signals1.35.0               1.35.0-5                   managed signals and slots library for C++
ii  libboost-system1.35-dev              1.35.0-5                   Operating system (e.g. diagnostics support) library
ii  libboost-system1.35.0                1.35.0-5                   Operating system (e.g. diagnostics support) library
ii  libboost-test1.35-dev                1.35.0-5                   components for writing and executing test suites
ii  libboost-test1.35.0                  1.35.0-5                   components for writing and executing test suites
ii  libboost-thread1.35-dev              1.35.0-5                   portable C++ multi-threading
ii  libboost-thread1.35.0                1.35.0-5                   portable C++ multi-threading
ii  libboost-wave1.35-dev                1.35.0-5                   C99/C++ preprocessor library
ii  libboost-wave1.35.0                  1.35.0-5                   C99/C++ preprocessor library
ii  libboost1.35-dev                     1.35.0-5                   Boost C++ Libraries development files
ii  libboost1.35-doc                     1.35.0-5                   Boost.org libraries documentation

我肯定我错过了一个愚蠢的细节，但我找不到。有人帮忙吗？

c++

boost

linker

static-linking

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2010-09-15 07:34:18

当静态链接时，链接器期望库在包含对它们的引用的文件之后出现。您需要将.o文件移动到-l标志之前。这个想法是，稍后出现的文件“填写”包含在早期文件中的引用--因为您的.o文件是最后一个，链接器希望它们在boost_system中填充任何缺失的符号，反之亦然。当您动态链接时，顺序并不重要，因为它直到第一次在运行时使用时才会解析一个符号(到那时它已经知道了查找符号的完整库列表)。

票数 18

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原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3718991

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