人工智能的兴起可能会严重影响女性的职业生涯

消除性别收入差距已经是一件极其漫长的任务，而人工智能的兴起可能令这个任务变得更加棘手，因为其可能严重影响女性职业生涯，而这反过来也给人工智能技术本身带来问题。

原标题：The rise of A.I. could hurt women's careers in a major way 图|CNBC

人工智能(AI)和自动化的发展一直被视为人类进步的一大飞跃。但它们也可能对社会进步的另一个重要指标产生不利影响：即性别工资差距。

Developments in artificial intelligence and automation have been heralded as a major leap forward in human advancement. But they could also adversely affect another important measure of societal progress: The gender pay gap.

据世界经济论坛的一份新报告显示，信息技术(IT)和工程等新兴行业的就业增长将明显损及女性，进而破坏在减少薪酬不平等方面所取得的进展。

That's according to a new report from the World Economic Forum, which indicated that the growth of jobs in emerging industries, such as IT and engineering, is set to disproportionately hurt women and, by consequence, progress made in reducing pay inequality.

性别工资差距--即男女平均收入之间的差距，近年来一直在缩小，但要想完全消除还有很长的路要走- 确切地说是202年。世界经济论坛发现，如果不让更多女性加入劳动力队伍，那么预期的时间可能会更长。

The gender pay gap, the difference between average earnings for men and women, has been narrowing over recent years, yet there remains a long way to go until compensation parity is reached — 202 years to be exact. And that estimate could grow even lengthier if progress is not made in bringing more women into the workforce, the WEF found.

“我们正在关注这些重大的结构性变化，我认为这会给之前朝性别平等方向迈进的强劲势头造成拖累，” 世界经济论坛性别平等项目负责人Saadia Zahidi表示。

"We're looking at these big, structural changes, which I think are creating a drag on what was a stronger momentum before towards gender equality," Saadia Zahidi, managing director and head of social and economic agendas at the World Economic Forum said.

Zahidi向CNBC的“财经论坛”(Squawk Box)栏目称，这是因为两个主要因素。

That's due to two major factors, Zahidi told CNBC's "Squawk Box."

首先，通常由女性担任的许多职位，例如行政和客户服务，都逐渐被“自动化”新技术取代。其次，IT行业的机器学习和大数据等不断增加的各种职位，恰好是“女性人才基础与男性相比非常小的那些职位”。

Firstly, many of the roles typically filled by women, such as administrative and customer service roles, are being "automated away" by new technologies. And, secondly, the types of roles that are growing, like machine learning and big data roles in the IT sector, happen to be ones where "the talent base of women is very small as compared to men."

STEM(科学、技术、工程和数据)领域女性专业人士短缺的历史早已有之。但这份报告指出了这种性别差距--从历史上来看往往是性别偏见造成的—已如何明显地影响性别工资差距。

The shortage of women in STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) professions is well chronicled. But the report notes how that gender disparity — often the result of historic gender biases — has visibly impacted the gender pay gap.

最值得注意的是它在高技术AI行业尤为明显。在那里，性别差距是其他行业的三倍，女性仅占该行业劳动力的22％。

Most notable is its mark on the highly technical AI industry. There, the gender gap is three times larger than in other sectors, with women making up just 22 percent of the workforce.

这不仅对提高薪酬平等和性别平等有害，而且还会给技术本身带来问题。毕竟，AI的最终目标是像人类一样思考并模仿人类的行为方式。如果这种智能几乎完全由男性编程，则存在性别偏见也会被植入机器的风险。

Not only is that harmful for advancing pay parity and gender equality more generally, but it also creates issues for the technology itself. After all, the ultimate goal of AI is to think like a human and mimic the way humans behave. If that intelligence is programmed almost exclusively by men, there's a risk that gender biases will slip into the machines, too.

“ 创造AI的人士要代表着整个人类，这点绝对至关重要，”世界经济论坛AI和机器学习负责人Kay Firth-Butterfield告诉CNBC。缺乏多样性意味着“我们实际上没有代表人类，我们有一个大问题，”她补充说。

"It is absolutely crucial that those people who create AI are representative of the population as a whole," Kay Firth-Butterfield, WEF's head of artificial intelligence and machine learning, told CNBC. A lack of diversity means "we're not actually reflecting the population and we have a huge problem," she added.

报告指出，一些行业和机构正在鼓励更多妇女参与新兴技术方面取得进展。其中最主要的是教育和医疗保健部门以及非营利部门，这些行业AI的女性人才库规模超过了男性。但报告呼吁要做得更多。

The report noted that some industries and institutions are making progress in encouraging more women to become involved in emerging technologies. Chief among them were the education and health-care sectors and non-profits, where the talent pool of women in AI outweighed men. But it called for more work to be done.

“创新者的观点多种多样 - 包括性别多样性 - 对于确保AI创造的经济机会不会加剧现有的性别不平等、以及新AI系统满足整个社会需求都是至关重要的，”报告说。

"The diversity — including gender diversity — of views among innovators is vital to ensuring the economic opportunities created by AI do not increase existing gender inequalities, and that new AI systems serve the needs of society at large," the report said.(the end)

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