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TEXT 400

经济学人:车辆引擎管理:省油的电脑程序(1)

Science and technology

科技

Vehicle engine management: Intelligence test

车辆引擎管理：智能测试

A computer program that learns how to save fuel.

一种习得省油的电脑程序。

From avoiding jaywalkers to emergency braking to eventually, perhaps, chauffeuring the vehicle itself, it is clear that artificial intelligence (AI) will be an important part of the cars of the future.But it is not only the driving of them that will benefit.AI will also permit such cars to use energy more sparingly.Cars have long had computerized engine-management that responds on the fly to changes in driving conditions.The introduction of electric power has, however, complicated matters.

译文

从避开乱穿马路的行人到紧急制动再到自动驾驶，毫无疑问，人工智能（AI）将会成为未来汽车的重要组成部分。这不仅能给驾驶本身带来方便。AI还能使那些车更节能。引擎的智能化管理早已应用于汽车，用以快速对行驶过程中路面状况的变化做出反应。然而，电力应用却存在难以处理的问题。

Hybrids, which have both a petrol engine and an electric motor run by a battery that is recharged by capturing kineticenergy as the vehicle slows or brakes, need more management than does a petrol engine alone.Things get even harder with plug-in hybrids, which can be recharged from the mains and have a longer electric-only range.

译文

混合动力车，同时具有汽油发动机与电动发动机，电池在汽车减速或刹车时通过动能转化而充电，但这需要投入较普通车更多的引擎管理。带插头接点的混合动力车虽然能通过电源充电，并拥有更长的电动行驶时间，但引擎的智能化管理更加繁琐。

This is where AI could help, reckon Xuewei Qi, Matthew Barth and their colleagues at the University of California, Riverside.They are developing a system of energy management which uses a piece of AI that can learn from past experience.

译文

这是AI的用武之地，来自位于里弗赛德的加州大学的Xuewei Qi、Matthew Barth和他们同事如此认为。他们正在研发一套能源管理系统，该系统能利用人工智能学习以往的经验。

Their algorithm works by breaking the trip down into small segments, each of which might be less than a minute long, as the journey progresses.In each segment the system checks to see if the vehicle has encountered the same driving situations before,using data ranging from traffic information to the vehicle’s speed, location, time of day, the gradient of the road, the battery’s present state of charge and the engine’s rate of fuel consumption.

译文

该程序的工作机制是在行驶的过程中，将整个行程拆分成独立小路段，每个路段的时长可能还不到一分钟。在每个路段中，系统通过校验以确认该车是否曾遇到过相同的行驶状态，参考数据包括交通信息，行驶速度，行驶位置，在一天中的时间，路面坡度，电池的电量状态以及发动机的燃油消耗率。

If the situation is similar, it employs the same energy-management strategy that it used previously for the next segment of the journey.For situations that it has not encountered before, the system estimates what the best power control might be and adds the results to its database for future reference.

译文

如果条件相似，人工智能系统就会在剩下的行程中启动与前一次相同的行驶策略。如果是未遇到过的情况，系统会评估出最佳省能方案并将结果添加到数据库中以便日后的参考。

注释

1.artificial intelligence 人工智能

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例句:They have made great progress in machine translation and artificial intelligence.

他们在机器翻译和人工智能方面取得了重大进展。

2.save fuel 省油

例句:This arrangement is designed to save fuel without sacrificing performance.

这种装置设计得节约燃料，在性能上亦无损失。

3.computer program 电脑程序

例句:The chances of an error occurring in a computer program increase with the size of the program.

计算机程序越长，出错的概率也越大。

4.fuel consumption 燃油消耗

例句:The laws have led to a reduction in fuel consumption in the US.

这些法律已经使美国燃料消费量有所减少。