问Vscode g++没有找到.cpp定义文件
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Stack Overflow用户

提问于 2022-01-25 14:34:20

回答 1查看 320关注 0票数 1

我试图用多个c++和.hpp文件编译一个.hpp示例，但是g++没有找到任何成员函数定义。

main.cpp：

#include <iostream>
#include "Person.hpp"

int main()
{
    std::cout << "HELL!\n";
    
    Person a{"Jiraya"};
    std::cout << a.getName() << "\n";
    a.setName("Niko");
    a.do_smt();
}

Person.hpp：

#pragma once

#include <string>

using std::string;

class Person
{
private:
    string name;

public:
    Person();
    Person(const string &n);
    void do_smt();
    string getName(){return name;}
    void setName(const string& n);

Person.cpp：

    #pragma once
    #include <iostream>
    #include "Person.hpp"
    
    Person::Person(const string &n) : name{n}
    {
    }
    
    void Person::setName(const string &n)
    {
        name = n;
    }
    
    void Person::do_smt()
    {
        std::cout << "???";
    }

Tasks.json：

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++ build active file",
            "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
                "-iquote${workspaceFolder}/headers"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

终端输出：

> Executing task: C/C++: g++ build active file <

Starting build...
/usr/bin/g++ -fdiagnostics-color=always -g /home/raijin/Documents/Code/C++/sandbox/main.cpp -o /home/raijin/Documents/Code/C++/sandbox/main -iquote/home/raijin/Documents/Code/C++/sandbox/headers
/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccN0pJKE.o: in function `main':
/home/raijin/Documents/Code/C++/sandbox/main.cpp:9: undefined reference to `Person::Person(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/raijin/Documents/Code/C++/sandbox/main.cpp:11: undefined reference to `Person::setName(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: /home/raijin/Documents/Code/C++/sandbox/main.cpp:12: undefined reference to `Person::do_smt()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Build finished with error(s).

Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it.

以下是项目文件夹结构：

我在tasks.json中添加了tasks.json arg，以便在子目录中找到.hpp。它似乎不适用于.cpp文件。我该怎么办？(即使我将Person.cpp移动到${workspaceFolder}，结果也是相同的终端输出)

visual-studio-code

g++

c++

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2022-01-25 15:14:57

在您的tasks.json中，您使用的是默认的${file}，这意味着只编译活动文件，而不是编译文件夹结构中的所有源文件。

VSCode文档解释了如何在同一个文件夹中的所有源文件中修复这个问题：https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/config-linux#_modifying-tasksjson

修复方法是将${file}替换为"${workspaceFolder}/*.cpp"

在您的示例中，有多个包含源文件的文件夹。您可以通过添加："${workspaceFolder}/classes/*.cpp"对第二个文件夹应用类似的修复。

所以整个tasks.json应该是：

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++ build active file",
            "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${workspaceFolder}/*.cpp",
                "${workspaceFolder}/classes/*.cpp",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
                "-iquote${workspaceFolder}/headers"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}