HttpClient4.x 使用cookie保持会话

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。HttpClient4.x可以自带维持会话功能，只要使用同一个HttpClient且未关闭连接，则可以使用相同会话来访问其他要求登录验证的服务（见TestLogin()方法中的“执行get请求”部分）。 如果需要使用HttpClient池，并且想要做到一次登录的会话供多个HttpClient连接使用，就需要自己保存会话信息。因为客户端的会话信息是保存在cookie中的（JSESSIONID），所以只需要将登录成功返回的cookie复制到各个HttpClient使用即可。 使用Cookie的方法有两种，可以自己使用CookieStore来保存（见TestCookieStore()方法），也可以通过HttpClientContext上下文来维持（见TestContext()方法）。 附带HttpClient4.3示例代码 http://www.myexception.cn/program/1459749.html 。

package com.sunbin.httpSession;

import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry;

import org.apache.http.HeaderIterator; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.ParseException; import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore; import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpecProvider; import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie; import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BestMatchSpecFactory; import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpecFactory; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import org.junit.Test;

public class TestHttpClient {

// 创建CookieStore实例 static CookieStore cookieStore = null; static HttpClientContext context = null; String loginUrl = “http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/j_spring_security_check”; String testUrl = “http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/account/querySubAccount.action”; String loginErrorUrl = “http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/login/login.jsp”;

@Test public void testLogin() throws Exception { System.out.println(“—-testLogin”);

// // 创建HttpClientBuilder // HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create(); // // HttpClient // CloseableHttpClient client = httpClientBuilder.build(); // 直接创建client CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(loginUrl); Map parameterMap = new HashMap(); parameterMap.put(“j_username”, “sunb012”); parameterMap.put(“j_password”, “sunb012”); UrlEncodedFormEntity postEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity( getParam(parameterMap), “UTF-8”); httpPost.setEntity(postEntity); System.out.println(“request line:” + httpPost.getRequestLine()); try { // 执行post请求 HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost); String location = httpResponse.getFirstHeader(“Location”) .getValue(); if (location != null && location.startsWith(loginErrorUrl)) { System.out.println(“—-loginError”); } printResponse(httpResponse);

// 执行get请求 System.out.println(“—-the same client”); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl); System.out.println(“request line:” + httpGet.getRequestLine()); HttpResponse httpResponse1 = client.execute(httpGet); printResponse(httpResponse1);

// cookie store setCookieStore(httpResponse); // context setContext(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { // 关闭流并释放资源 client.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

@Test public void testContext() throws Exception { System.out.println(“—-testContext”); // 使用context方式 CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl); System.out.println(“request line:” + httpGet.getRequestLine()); try { // 执行get请求 HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet, context); System.out.println(“context cookies:” + context.getCookieStore().getCookies()); printResponse(httpResponse); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { // 关闭流并释放资源 client.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

@Test public void testCookieStore() throws Exception { System.out.println(“—-testCookieStore”); // 使用cookieStore方式 CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom() .setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl); System.out.println(“request line:” + httpGet.getRequestLine()); try { // 执行get请求 HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet); System.out.println(“cookie store:” + cookieStore.getCookies()); printResponse(httpResponse); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { // 关闭流并释放资源 client.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

public static void printResponse(HttpResponse httpResponse) throws ParseException, IOException { // 获取响应消息实体 HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); // 响应状态 System.out.println(“status:” + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); System.out.println(“headers:”); HeaderIterator iterator = httpResponse.headerIterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(“\t” + iterator.next()); } // 判断响应实体是否为空 if (entity != null) { String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(entity); System.out.println(“response length:” + responseString.length()); System.out.println(“response content:” + responseString.replace(“\r\n”, “”)); } }

public static void setContext() { System.out.println(“—-setContext”); context = HttpClientContext.create(); Registry<CookieSpecProvider> registry = RegistryBuilder .<CookieSpecProvider> create() .register(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH, new BestMatchSpecFactory()) .register(CookieSpecs.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY, new BrowserCompatSpecFactory()).build(); context.setCookieSpecRegistry(registry); context.setCookieStore(cookieStore); }

public static void setCookieStore(HttpResponse httpResponse) { System.out.println(“—-setCookieStore”); cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); // JSESSIONID String setCookie = httpResponse.getFirstHeader(“Set-Cookie”) .getValue(); String JSESSIONID = setCookie.substring(“JSESSIONID=”.length(), setCookie.indexOf(“;”)); System.out.println(“JSESSIONID:” + JSESSIONID); // 新建一个Cookie BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie(“JSESSIONID”, JSESSIONID); cookie.setVersion(0); cookie.setDomain(“127.0.0.1”); cookie.setPath(“/CwlProClient”); // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.VERSION_ATTR, “0”); // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.DOMAIN_ATTR, “127.0.0.1”); // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PORT_ATTR, “8080”); // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PATH_ATTR, “/CwlProWeb”); cookieStore.addCookie(cookie); }

public static List<NameValuePair> getParam(Map parameterMap) { List<NameValuePair> param = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); Iterator it = parameterMap.entrySet().iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { Entry parmEntry = (Entry) it.next(); param.add(new BasicNameValuePair((String) parmEntry.getKey(), (String) parmEntry.getValue())); } return param; } }

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