原创译文 | 中国学校应用人工智能为学生批作文，与老师打分相差无几

据“南华早报”报道，中国的一些学校正在使用人工智能为学生作业评分。中国国内有四分之一的院校（大约六万所）正在悄然测试这种机器学习动力系统，可以自动为学生的作业打分，甚至可以提出建议。

该人工智能有各种在线门户的访问权限，类似于美国教育测试服务所使用的系统。基于不断更新的“知识库”，它可以理解学生作文中的“通用逻辑”和“意义”，并标明在体裁、文章结构、中心思想上应当改进的地方。它支持中文英文双语工作，还可以注意到文章中的哪一段偏离了主旨大意。

它还可以自我更新。这个诞生十年的评分软件能够利用深度学习算法来与人类老师评定的分数，给出的建议和评语“交换意见”。

南华早报称，在一项参与人数达到1.2亿的测试中，人工智能与人类评分者达成一致的几率达到92%。但它并不完美。中国问答网站“知乎”上的一位用户张贴了一张屏幕截图，显示了人工智能对2015年华盛顿邮报文章《为什么奥巴马这样对待全职妈妈？》的评分，该专栏文章仅得到百分制的71.5分，扣分原因主要有“通畅性”、“主旨”和文章长度。

尽管如此，AI项目的研究人员仍希望这类人工智能可以优化评分条件，以减少人类教师评分的时间，提高国家偏远地区学生的写作技巧。

在美国，类似的项目已经取得了较小规模的成功。例如，加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校开发的在线评分应用程序Gradescope声称可以将评分时间缩短90％。

原文

Chinese schools are testing AI that grades papers almost as well as teachers

Some schools in China have incorporated paper-grading artificial intelligence into their classrooms, according to the South China Morning Post. One in every four schools, or about 60,000 institutions, are quietly testing a machine learning-powered system that can score students’ work automatically, and even offer suggestions where appropriate.

The AI, which can be accessed through various online portals, and which the report describes as similar to the system used by the Education Testing Service in the U.S., uses an evolving “knowledge base” to interpret the “general logic” and “meaning” of pupils’ essays and to highlight stylistic, structural, and thematic areas that need improvement. It can read both English and Chinese, and it’s reportedly perceptive enough to notice when paragraphs veer too far off topic.

It is also self-improving. The 10-year-old grading software leverages deep learning algorithms to “compare notes” with human teachers’ scores, suggestions, and comments.

In a test involving 120 million people, the South China Morning Post claims, the AI agreed with human graders about 92 percent of the time. But it isn’t perfect. A user on Chinese question-and-answer website Zhihu posted a screenshot showing the AI’s evaluation of a 2015 article from the Washington Post, “Why is Obama sticking it to stay-at-home moms?” The op-ed scored a 71.5 out of 100, with major point deductions for “flow,” “focus,” and length.

One day, though, researchers on the AI project hope it and software like it will help minimize grading inconsistencies, cut down on the amount of time teachers spend scoring essays, and improve the writing skills of students in remote areas of the country.

In the U.S., similar projects have achieved success on a smaller scale. For example, online grading application Gradescope, which was developed at the University of California Berkeley, claims to reduce grading times by as much as 90 percent.

文章编辑：小柳

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